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Population structure, inbreeding and local adaptation within an endangered riverine specialist: the nase ( Chondrostoma nasus )

Hudson, Alan ; Vonlanthen, Pascal ; Seehausen, Ole

In: Conservation Genetics, 2014, vol. 15, no. 4, p. 933-951

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    Title
    • Population structure, inbreeding and local adaptation within an endangered riverine specialist: the nase ( Chondrostoma nasus )
    Author
    • Hudson, Alan. Division of Aquatic Ecology, Institute of Ecology & Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
    • Vonlanthen, Pascal. Division of Aquatic Ecology, Institute of Ecology & Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
    • Seehausen, Ole. Division of Aquatic Ecology, Institute of Ecology & Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
    Document Type
    • Postprint
    OAI-PMH Identifier
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:325230
    Summary
    Chondrostoma nasus is a cyprinid fish with highly specialized, ecologically and geographically distinct, ontogenetic trophic niches. Nase population numbers across their Swiss range have shown massive declines and many localized extinctions. In this study, we integrate genetic data (AFLP, microsatellite, mtDNA sequence) with phenotypic and demographic analyses to survey patterns of neutral and adaptive genetic diversity in all extant (and one extinct) Swiss nase populations, with the aim to delineate intraspecific conservation units (CUs) and to inform future population management strategies. We discovered two major genetically and geographically distinct population groupings. The first population grouping comprises nase inhabiting rivers flowing into Lake Constance; the second comprises nase populations from Rhine drainages below Lake Constance. Within these clusters there is generally limited genetic differentiation among populations. Genomic outlier scans based on 256 to 377 polymorphic AFLP loci revealed little evidence of local adaptation both within and among population clusters, with the exception of one candidate locus identified in scans involving the low genetic diversity Schanzengraben population. However, significant phenotypic differentiation in body shape between certain populations suggests a need for more intensive future studies of local adaptation. Our data strongly suggests that the two major population groups should be treated as distinct CUs, with any supplemental stocking and reintroductions sourced only from within the range of the CU concerned.