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The systemic angiogenic response during bone healing

Weiss, Stefan ; Zimmermann, Gerald ; Pufe, Thomas ; Varoga, Deike ; Henle, Philipp

In: Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, 2009, vol. 129, no. 7, p. 989-997

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    Titre
    • The systemic angiogenic response during bone healing
    Auteur
    • Weiss, Stefan. Department of Orthopaedics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
    • Zimmermann, Gerald. Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
    • Pufe, Thomas. Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
    • Varoga, Deike. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
    • Henle, Philipp. Department of Orthopaedics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
    Type de document
    • Postprint
    Langue
    • Anglais
    Publié dans
    • Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, 2009, vol. 129, no. 7, p. 989-997. Springer-Verlag
    Autre version électronique
    Identifiant OAI-PMH
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:317019
    Summary
    Introduction: Angiogenesis is known to be a critical and closely regulated step during bone formation and fracture healing driven by a complex interaction of various cytokines. Delays in bone healing or even nonunion might therefore be associated with altered concentrations of specific angiogenic factors. These alterations might in turn be reflected by changes in serum concentrations. Method: To determine physiological time courses of angiogenic cytokines during fracture healing as well as possible changes associated with failed consolidation, we prospectively collected serum samples from patients who had sustained surgical treatment for a long bone fracture. Fifteen patients without fracture healing 4months after surgery (nonunion group) were matched to a collective of 15 patients with successful healing (union group). Serum concentrations of angiogenin (ANG), angiopoietin 2 (Ang-2), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet derived growth factor AB (PDGF-AB), pleiotrophin (PTN) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays over a period of 24weeks. Results: Compared to reference values of healthy uninjured controls serum concentrations of VEGF, bFGF and PDGF were increased in both groups. Peak concentrations of these cytokines were reached during early fracture healing. Serum concentrations of bFGF and PDGF-AB were significantly higher in the union group at 2 and 4weeks after the injury when compared to the nonunion group. Serum concentrations of ANG and Ang-2 declined steadily from the first measurement in normal healing fractures, while no significant changes over time could be detected for serum concentrations of these factures in nonunion patients. PTN serum levels increased asymptotically over the entire investigation in timely fracture healing while no such increase could be detected during delayed healing. Conclusion: We conclude that fracture healing in human subjects is accompanied by distinct changes in systemic levels of specific angiogenic factors. Significant alterations of these physiologic changes in patients developing a fracture nonunion over time could be detected as early as 2 (bFGF) and 4weeks (PDGF-AB) after initial trauma surgery