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Risk Factors for Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Disease among Children 2-16 Years of Age in the Vaccine Era, Switzerland 1991-1993

MŪHLEMANN, KATHRIN ; ALEXANDER, E RUSSELL ; WEISS, NOEL S. ; PEPE, MARGARET ; SCHOPFER, KURT

In: International Journal of Epidemiology, 1996, vol. 25, no. 6, p. 1280-1285

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    Titel
    • Risk Factors for Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Disease among Children 2-16 Years of Age in the Vaccine Era, Switzerland 1991-1993
    Autor
    • MŪHLEMANN, KATHRIN. Institute of Medical Microbiology, Friedbūhistrasse 51, University of Berne CH-3010 Berne, Switzerland
    • ALEXANDER, E RUSSELL. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195, USA
    • WEISS, NOEL S.. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195, USA
    • PEPE, MARGARET. Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195, USA
    • SCHOPFER, KURT. Institute of Medical Microbiology, Friedbūhistrasse 51, University of Berne CH-3010 Berne, Switzerland
    Dokumententyp
    • Postprint
    Sprache
    • Englisch
    Veröffentlicht in
    • International Journal of Epidemiology, 1996, vol. 25, no. 6, p. 1280-1285. Oxford University Press
    Andere elektronische Ausgabe
    OAI-PMH-ID
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:300836
    Summary
    Mūhlemann K (Institute of Medical Microbiology, Friedbūhistrasse 51, University of Berne, CH-3010 Berne, Switzerland), Alexander E R, Weiss N S, Pepe M, Schopfer K and the Swiss H.Influenzae Study Group. Risk factors for invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease among children aged 2-16 years of age in the vaccine era, Switzerland 1991-1993. International Journal of Epidemiology 1996; 25: 1280-1285. Background Continued surveillance, and detailed investigation of direct and indirect effects of conjugated vaccines and risk factors for invasive H. Influenzae serotype b (Hib) disease in the vaccine era are important Methods 143 cases with invasive disease between 1991 and 1993 aged 2-16 years were selected retrospectively from a large incidence trend study. Controls (n = 336) were recruited from local vital registries and matched to cases for age, gender, and residence. Hib vaccination histories among study subjects and their siblings and other sociodemographic variables were obtained by questionnaires completed by the parents of these children. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) estimates were calculated by conditional logistic regression analysis. Results Most vaccinated subjects had received the Polysacchande-Diphtheria Toxoid vaccine and estimated vaccine efficacy was high (95%; 95% confidence interval [Cl] 60-99%). Also, the results suggested that protection afforded by vaccination against Hib extended to the family members of vaccinated children. School attendance was found to be protective against invasive Hib disease (OR : 0.33; Cl : 0.14-0.75). Cases more often than controls reported sufferring from asthma and allergies (OR : 4.8; Cl: 1.2-19 4). Conclusions Post-licensure vaccine efficacy is high among children ≥2 years of age. The observed association between asthma and epiglottis is novel and deserves further investigation