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Improved resistance to Eimeria acervulina infection in chickens due to dietary supplementation with garlic metabolites

Kim, Duk Kyung ; Lillehoj, Hyun S. ; Lee, Sung Hyen ; Lillehoj, Erik P. ; Bravo, David

In: British Journal of Nutrition, 2013, vol. 109, no. 1, p. 76-88

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    Titre
    • Improved resistance to Eimeria acervulina infection in chickens due to dietary supplementation with garlic metabolites
    Auteur
    • Kim, Duk Kyung. Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Building 1040, BARC-East, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
    • Lillehoj, Hyun S.. Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Building 1040, BARC-East, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
    • Lee, Sung Hyen. Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Building 1040, BARC-East, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
    • Lillehoj, Erik P.. Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
    • Bravo, David. Pancosma SA, Geneva, Switzerland
    Type de document
    • Postprint
    Langue
    • Anglais
    Publié dans
    • British Journal of Nutrition, 2013, vol. 109, no. 1, p. 76-88. Cambridge University Press
    Autre version électronique
    Identifiant OAI-PMH
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:295298
    Summary
    The effects of a compound including the secondary metabolites of garlic, propyl thiosulphinate (PTS) and propyl thiosulphinate oxide (PTSO), on the in vitro and in vivo parameters of chicken gut immunity during experimental Eimeria acervulina infection were evaluated. In in vitro assays, the compound comprised of PTSO (67%) and PTS (33%) dose-dependently killed invasive E. acervulina sporozoites and stimulated higher spleen cell proliferation. Broiler chickens continuously fed from hatch with PTSO/PTS compound-supplemented diet and orally challenged with live E. acervulina oocysts had increased body weight gain, decreased faecal oocyst excretion and greater E. acervulina profilin antibody responses, compared with chickens fed a non-supplemented diet. Differential gene expression by microarray hybridisation identified 1227 transcripts whose levels were significantly altered in the intestinal lymphocytes of PTSO/PTS-fed birds compared with non-supplemented controls (552 up-regulated, 675 down-regulated). Biological pathway analysis identified the altered transcripts as belonging to the categories ‘Disease and Disorder' and ‘Physiological System Development and Function'. In the former category, the most significant function identified was ‘Inflammatory Response', while the most significant function in the latter category was ‘Cardiovascular System Development and Function'. This new information documents the immunologic and genomic changes that occur in chickens following PTSO/PTS dietary supplementation, which are relevant to protective immunity during avian coccidiosis