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Université de Fribourg

Parasite‐driven replacement of a sexual by a closely related asexual taxon in nature

Lohr, Jennifer N. ; Haag, Christoph R.

In: Ecology, 2020, vol. 101, no. 10, p. -

Asexual species are thought to suffer more from coevolving parasites than related sexuals. Yet a variety of studies do not find the patterns predicted by theory. Here, to shine light on this conundrum, we investigate one such case of an asexual advantage in the presence of parasites. We follow the frequency dynamics of sexual and asexual Daphnia pulex in a natural pond that was initially...

Université de Fribourg

Genetic structure of the endemic Papaver occidentale indicates survival and immigration in the Western Prealps

Pittet, Loïc ; Fragnière, Yann ; Grünig, Sandra ; Bétrisey, Sébastien ; Clément, Benoît ; Gerber, Emanuel ; Ronikier, Michał ; Kozlowski, Gregor ; Parisod, Christian

In: Alpine Botany, 2020, p. -

Climatic oscillations of the Quaternary rapidly compelled plant species to shift their geographical range. How alpine plant species responded to climate change, however, remains elusive and remnants of the cold-adapted flora that currently strive in restricted ranges as small, isolated populations have been particularly overlooked. To address the evolutionary history of such a ‘glacial...

Université de Fribourg

Role of extracellular vesicles in cellular cross talk in malaria

Babatunde, Kehinde Adebayo ; Subramanian, Bibin Yesodha ; Ahouidi, Ambroise Dioum ; Murillo, Paola Martinez ; Walch, Michael

In: Frontiers in Immunology, 2020, vol. 11, p. -

Malaria infection caused by the Plasmodium species is a complex disease in which a fine balance between host and parasite factors determine the outcome of the disease. While in some individuals, the infection will trigger only a mild and uncomplicated disease, other individuals will develop severe complications and eventually die. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by infected red blood...

Université de Fribourg

Ecological constraints coupled with deep-time habitat dynamics predict the latitudinal diversity gradient in reef fishes

Gaboriau, Théo ; Albouy, Camille ; Descombes, Patrice ; Mouillot, David ; Pellissier, Loïc ; Leprieur, Fabien

In: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2019, vol. 286, no. 1911, p. 20191506

We develop a spatially explicit model of diversification based on palaeohabitat to explore the predictions of four major hypotheses potentially explaining the latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG), namely, the ‘time-area’, ‘tropical niche conservatism’, ‘ecological limits’ and ‘evolutionary speed’ hypotheses. We compare simulation outputs to observed diversity gradients in the...

Université de Fribourg

How clonal are clones? A quest for loss of heterozygosity during asexual reproduction in Daphnia magna

Dukić, Marinela ; Berner, Daniel ; Haag, Christoph R. ; Ebert, Dieter

In: Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 2019, vol. 32, no. 6, p. 619–628

Due to the lack of recombination, asexual organisms are predicted to accumulate mutations and show high levels of within‐individual allelic divergence (heterozygosity); however, empirical evidence for this prediction is largely missing. Instead, evidence of genome homogenization during asexual reproduction is accumulating. Ameiotic crossover recombination is a mechanism that could lead to...