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Université de Fribourg

NGS-based S. aureus typing and outbreak analysis in clinical microbiology laboratories : Lessons learned from a Swiss-wide proficiency test

Dylus, David ; Pillonel, Trestan ; Opota, Onya ; Wüthrich, Daniel ; Seth-Smith, Helena M. B. ; Egli, Adrian ; Leo, Stefano ; Lazarevic, Vladimir ; Schrenzel, Jacques ; Laurent, Sacha ; Bertelli, Claire ; Blanc, Dominique S. ; Neuenschwander, Stefan ; Ramette, Alban ; Falquet, Laurent ; Imkamp, Frank ; Keller, Peter M. ; Kahles, Andre ; Oberhaensli, Simone ; Barbié, Valérie ; Dessimoz, Christophe ; Greub, Gilbert ; Lebrand, Aitana

In: Frontiers in Microbiology, 2020, vol. 11, p. 591093

Whole genome sequencing (WGS) enables high resolution typing of bacteria up to the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) level. WGS is used in clinical microbiology laboratories for infection control, molecular surveillance and outbreak analyses. Given the large palette of WGS reagents and bioinformatics tools, the Swiss clinical bacteriology community decided to conduct a ring trial (RT) to...

Université de Fribourg

Tissue-specific isoforms of the single C. elegans Ryanodine receptor gene unc-68 control specific functions

Marques, Filipe ; Thapliyal, Saurabh ; Javer, Avelino ; Shrestha, Priyanka ; Brown, André E. X. ; Glauser, Dominique A.

In: PLOS Genetics, 2020, vol. 16, no. 10, p. e1009102

Ryanodine receptors (RyR) are essential regulators of cellular calcium homeostasis and signaling. Vertebrate genomes contain multiple RyR gene isoforms, expressed in different tissues and executing different functions. In contrast, invertebrate genomes contain a single RyR-encoding gene and it has long been proposed that different transcripts generated by alternative splicing may diversify...

Université de Fribourg

Cenozoic evolution of the steppe-desert biome in Central Asia

Barbolini, N. ; Woutersen, A. ; Dupont-Nivet, G. ; Silvestro, Daniele ; Tardif, D. ; Coster, P. M. C. ; Meijer, N. ; Chang, C. ; Zhang, H.-X. ; Licht, A. ; Rydin, C. ; Koutsodendris, A. ; Han, F. ; Rohrmann, A. ; Liu, X.-J. ; Zhang, Y. ; Donnadieu, Y. ; Fluteau, F. ; Ladant, J.-B. ; Le Hir, G. ; Hoorn, C.

In: Science Advances, 2020, vol. 6, no. 41, p. eabb8227

The origins and development of the arid and highly seasonal steppe-desert biome in Central Asia, the largest of its kind in the world, remain largely unconstrained by existing records. It is unclear how Cenozoic climatic, geological, and biological forces, acting at diverse spatial and temporal scales, shaped Central Asian ecosystems through time. Our synthesis shows that the Central Asian...

Université de Fribourg

Inference of natural selection from ancient DNA

Dehasque, Marianne ; Ávila‐Arcos, María C. ; Díez‐del‐Molino, David ; Fumagalli, Matteo ; Guschanski, Katerina ; Lorenzen, Eline D. ; Malaspinas, Anna‐Sapfo ; Marques‐Bonet, Tomas ; Martin, Michael D. ; Murray, Gemma G. R. ; Papadopulos, Alexander S. T. ; Therkildsen, Nina Overgaard ; Wegmann, Daniel ; Dalén, Love ; Foote, Andrew D.

In: Evolution Letters, 2020, vol. 4, no. 2, p. 94–108

Evolutionary processes, including selection, can be indirectly inferred based on patterns of genomic variation among contemporary populations or species. However, this often requires unrealistic assumptions of ancestral demography and selective regimes. Sequencing ancient DNA from temporally spaced samples can inform about past selection processes, as time series data allow direct...

Università della Svizzera italiana

The Tim-3-Galectin-9 Pathway and Its Regulatory Mechanisms in Human Breast Cancer

Yasinska, Inna M. ; Sakhnevych, Svetlana S. ; Pavlova, Ludmila ; Hansen Selnø, Anette Teo ; Teuscher Abeleira, Ana Maria ; Benlaouer, Ouafa ; Gonçalves Silva, Isabel ; Mosimann, Marianne ; Varani, Luca ; Bardelli, Marco ; Hussain, Rohanah ; Siligardi, Giuliano ; Cholewa, Dietmar ; Berger, Steffen M. ; Gibbs, Bernhard F. ; Ushkaryov, Yuri A. ; Fasler-Kan, Elizaveta ; Klenova, Elena ; Sumbayev, Vadim V.

In: Frontiers in immunology, 2019, vol. 10, p. 1594

Human cancer cells operate a variety of effective molecular and signaling mechanisms which allow them to escape host immune surveillance and thus progress the disease. We have recently reported that the immune receptor Tim-3 and its natural ligand galectin-9 are involved in the immune escape of human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. These cells use the neuronal receptor latrophilin 1...

Université de Fribourg

4,4’Dimethoxychalcone: a natural flavonoid that promotes health through autophagy-dependent and -independent effects

Zimmermann, Andreas ; Kainz, Katharina ; Hofer, Sebastian J. ; Bauer, Maria A. ; Schroeder, Sabrina ; Dengjel, Jörn ; Pietrocola, Federico ; Kepp, Oliver ; Ruckenstuhl, Christoph ; Eisenberg, Tobias ; Sigrist, Stephan J. ; Madeo, Frank ; Carmona-Gutierrez, Didac ; Kroemer, Guido

In: Autophagy, 2019, vol. 15, no. 9, p. 1662–1664

The age-induced deterioration of the organism results in detrimental and ultimately lethal pathologies. The process of aging itself involves a plethora of different mechanisms that should be subverted concurrently to delay and/or prevent age- related maladies. We have identified a natural compound, 4,4ʹ-dimethoxychalcone (DMC), which promotes longevity in yeast, worms and flies, and protects...