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Università della Svizzera italiana

Large scale simulation of pressure induced phase-field fracture propagation using Utopia

Zulian, Patrick ; Kopaničáková, Alena ; Nestola, Maria Giuseppina Chiara ; Fink, Andreas ; Fadel, Nur Aiman ; VandeVondele, Joost ; Krause, Rolf

In: CCF transactions on high performance computing, 2021, no. 3, p. 407–426

Non-linear phase field models are increasingly used for the simulation of fracture propagation problems. The numerical simulation of fracture networks of realistic size requires the efficient parallel solution of large coupled non-linear systems. Although in principle efficient iterative multi-level methods for these types of problems are available, they are not widely used in practice due to...

Université de Fribourg

Automated conservation assessment of the orchid family with deep learning

Zizka, Alexander ; Silvestro, Daniele ; Vitt, Pati ; Knight, Tiffany M.

In: Conservation Biology, 2020, p. cobi.13616

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List assessments are essential for prioritizing conservation needs but are resource intensive and therefore available only for a fraction of global species richness. Automated conservation assessments based on digitally available geographic occurrence records can be a rapid alternative, but it is unclear how reliable these assessments...

Université de Fribourg

Climate change and alpine screes: no future for glacial relict papaver occidentale (papaveraceae) in western prealps

Fragnière, Yann ; Pittet, Loïc ; Clément, Benoît ; Bétrisey, Sébastien ; Gerber, Emanuel ; Ronikier, Michał ; Parisod, Christian ; Kozlowski, Gregor

In: Diversity, 2020, vol. 12, no. 9, p. 346

Glacial relicts, especially those with very narrow habitat requirements, are particularly affected by global warming. We considered Papaver occidentale, a glacial relict endemic to the Western Prealps, belonging to the alpine poppy complex (P. alpinum aggr.), as a model taxon to study the actual status and potential future distribution of species restricted to particular microrefugia. For...

Université de Fribourg

Parasite‐driven replacement of a sexual by a closely related asexual taxon in nature

Lohr, Jennifer N. ; Haag, Christoph R.

In: Ecology, 2020, vol. 101, no. 10, p. -

Asexual species are thought to suffer more from coevolving parasites than related sexuals. Yet a variety of studies do not find the patterns predicted by theory. Here, to shine light on this conundrum, we investigate one such case of an asexual advantage in the presence of parasites. We follow the frequency dynamics of sexual and asexual Daphnia pulex in a natural pond that was initially...

Université de Fribourg

Glacial relicts in the Alps: the decline and conservation strategy for Nuphar pumila (Nymphaeaceae)

Bétrisey, Sébastien ; Arrigo, Nils ; Graf, Larissa ; Bilat, Julia ; Gerber, Emanuel ; Kozlowski, Gregor

In: Alpine Botany, 2020, vol. 130, no. 1, p. 89–99

The Alps played an important role in the biogeography of European plants and acted as a refugium for numerous species during the interglacial cycles. We investigated Nuphar pumila, one of the most emblematic glacial relicts of the Alps, by carrying out exhaustive literature and field surveys to collect relevant data on its distribution and threats. We further evaluated the level of ...

Université de Fribourg

Global biogeographic synthesis and priority conservation regions of the relict tree family Juglandaceae

Song, Yi‐Gang ; Fragnière, Yann ; Meng, Hong‐Hu ; Li, Ying ; Bétrisey, Sébastien ; Corrales, Adriana ; Manchester, Steven ; Deng, Min ; Jasińska, Anna K. ; Văn Sâm, Hoàng ; Kozlowski, Gregor

In: Journal of Biogeography, 2020, vol. 47, no. 3, p. 643–657

Aim To establish a complete database of Juglandaceae at a spatiotemporal scale and develop a phylogeographic framework with which to elucidate the distributional patterns, diversity patterns, origins, evolution, and conservation priority regions of this family. Location Worldwide. Taxon Walnut family (Juglandaceae). Methods Data on the distribution of all the extant and fossil species of...

Université de Fribourg

Desiccation, dormancy, and storage of Pterocarya fraxinifolia (Juglandaceae) seeds: application in Hyrcanian and Colchian forest conservation

Wawrzyniak, Mikołaj Krzysztof ; Jasińska, Anna Katarzyna ; Chmielarz, Paweł ; Kozlowski, Gregor

In: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 2019, vol. 50, no. 1, p. 24–31

Pterocarya fraxinifolia (Poir.) Spach (Juglandaceae) is a model relict tree species native to South Caucasus and is a typical element of threatened riparian forests. Intensive land transformations, which are common in Transcaucasia, have resulted in loss of natural habitat and population decline of the species. One of the methods of ex situ conservation is seed banking. Cryopreservation in...

Université de Fribourg

Predicting climate change impacts on the threatened Quercus arbutifolia in montane cloud forests in southern China and Vietnam: Conservation implications

Song, Yi-Gang ; Petitpierre, Blaise ; Denga, Min ; Wu, Jin-Ping ; Kozlowski, Gregor

In: Forest Ecology and Management, 2019, vol. 444, p. 269–279

Trees of montane cloud forests (MCFs) often have small and isolated populations and face numerous threats. Due to limited conservation resources, management decisions are often based on scarce biological information. This study investigated the current status of populations of the critically endangered oak species Quercus arbutifolia in southern China, including its distribution, threats,...