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Université de Fribourg

Reward-related suppression of neural activity in macaque visual area v4

Shapcott, Katharine A ; Schmiedt, Joscha T ; Kouroupaki, Kleopatra ; Kienitz, Ricardo ; Lazar, Andreea ; Singer, Wolf ; Schmid, Michael C

In: Cerebral Cortex, 2020, vol. 30, no. 9, p. 4871–4881

In order for organisms to survive, they need to detect rewarding stimuli, for example, food or a mate, in a complex environment with many competing stimuli. These rewarding stimuli should be detected even if they are nonsalient or irrelevant to the current goal. The value-driven theory of attentional selection proposes that this detection takes place through reward-associated stimuli...

Université de Fribourg

Correlations in multithermostat Brownian systems with Lorentz force

Abdoli, Iman ; Kalz, Erik ; Vuijk, Hidde D. ; Wittmann, René ; Sommer, Jens-Uwe ; Brader, Joseph M. ; Sharma, Abhinav

In: New Journal of Physics, 2020, vol. 22, no. 9, p. 093057

We study the motion of a Brownian particle subjected to Lorentz force due to an external magnetic field. Each spatial degree of freedom of the particle is coupled to a different thermostat. We show that the magnetic field results in correlation between different velocity components in the stationary state. Integrating the velocity autocorrelation matrix, we obtain the diffusion matrix that...

Università della Svizzera italiana

Highly significant antiviral activity of HIV-1 LTR-specific tre-recombinase in humanized mice

Hauber, Ilona ; Hofmann-Sieber, Helga ; Chemnitz, Jan ; Dubrau, Danilo ; Chusainow, Janet ; Stucka, Rolf ; Hartjen, Philip ; Schambach, Axel ; Ziegler, Patrick ; Hackmann, Karl ; Schröck, Evelin ; Schumacher, Udo ; Lindner, Christoph ; Grundhoff, Adam ; Baum, Christopher ; Manz, Markus G. ; Buchholz, Frank ; Hauber, Joachim

In: Plos pathogens, 2013, vol. 9, no. 9, p. e1003587

Stable integration of HIV proviral DNA into host cell chromosomes, a hallmark and essential feature of the retroviral life cycle, establishes the infection permanently. Current antiretroviral combination drug therapy cannot cure HIV infection. However, expressing an engineered HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) site-specific recombinase (Tre), shown to excise integrated proviral DNA in vitro,...

Université de Fribourg

Pressure, surface tension, and curvature in active systems: A touch of equilibrium

Wittmann, René ; Smallenburg, Frank ; Brader, Joseph M.

In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, 2019, vol. 150, no. 17, p. 174908

We explore the pressure of active particles on curved surfaces and its relation to other interfacial properties. We use both direct simulations of the active systems as well as simulations of an equilibrium system with effective (pair) interactions designed to capture the effects of activity. Comparing the active and effective passive systems in terms of their bulk pressure, we elaborate that...