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Università della Svizzera italiana

Embryological development of the human cranio-facial arterial system : a pictorial review

Bertulli, Lorenzo ; Robert, Thomas

In: Surgical and radiologic anatomy, 2021, p. 13 p

The embryological development of the cerebral vasculature is very complex. Historical and also more recent studies based on human embryos, comparative anatomy and cerebral angiographies allowed us to better understand this vasculature development. The knowledge and understanding of such embryological development are important for physicians interested in neurovascular pathologies. Indeed, all...

Université de Fribourg

Enigmatic dinosaur precursors bridge the gap to the origin of Pterosauria

Ezcurra, Martín D. ; Nesbitt, Sterling J. ; Bronzati, Mario ; Vecchia, Fabio Marco Dalla ; Agnolin, Federico L. ; Benson, Roger B. J. ; Egli, Federico Brissón ; Cabreira, Sergio F. ; Evers, Serjoscha W. ; Gentil, Adriel R. ; Irmis, Randall B. ; Martinelli, Agustín G. ; Novas, Fernando E. ; Silva, Lúcio Roberto da ; Smith, Nathan D. ; Stocker, Michelle R. ; Turner, Alan H. ; Langer, Max C.

In: Nature, 2020, vol. 588, no. 2020-7838, p. 445–449

Pterosaurs were the first vertebrates to evolve powered flight1 and comprised one of the main evolutionary radiations in terrestrial ecosystems of the Mesozoic era (approximately 252–66 million years ago), but their origin has remained an unresolved enigma in palaeontology since the nineteenth century2,3,4. These flying reptiles have been hypothesized to be the close relatives of a wide...

Université de Fribourg

Neuroanatomy of the spinosaurid Irritator challengeri (Dinosauria: Theropoda) indicates potential adaptations for piscivory

Schade, Marco ; Rauhut, Oliver W. M. ; Evers, Serjoscha W.

In: Scientific Reports, 2020, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 9259

Spinosauridae, a theropod group characterized by elongated snouts, conical teeth, enlarged forelimbs, and often elongated neural spines, show evidence for semiaquatic adaptations and piscivory. It is currently debated if these animals represent terrestrial carnivores with adaptations for a piscivorous diet, or if they largely lived and foraged in aquatic habitats. The holotype of Irritator...

Université de Fribourg

Birds have peramorphic skulls, too: anatomical network analyses reveal oppositional heterochronies in avian skull evolution

Plateau, Olivia ; Foth, Christian

In: Communications Biology, 2020, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 195

In contrast to the vast majority of reptiles, the skulls of adult crown birds are characterized by a high degree of integration due to bone fusion, e.g., an ontogenetic event generating a net reduction in the number of bones. To understand this process in an evolutionary context, we investigate postnatal ontogenetic changes in the skulls of crown bird and non-avian theropods using anatomical...

Università della Svizzera italiana

Computational assessment of facial expression production in ASD children

Leo, Marco ; Carcagnì, Pierluigi ; Distante, Cosimo ; Spagnolo, Paolo ; Mazzeo, Pier Luigi ; Rosato, Anna Chiara ; Petrocchi, Serena ; Pellegrino, Chiara ; Levante, Annalisa ; De Lumè, Filomena ; Lecciso, Flavia

In: Sensors, 2018, vol. 18, no. 11, p. 3993

In this paper, a computational approach is proposed and put into practice to assess the capability of children having had diagnosed Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) to produce facial expressions. The proposed approach is based on computer vision components working on sequence of images acquired by an off-the-shelf camera in unconstrained conditions. Action unit intensities are estimated by...

Università della Svizzera italiana

Computational analysis of deep visual data for quantifying facial expression production

Leo, Marco ; Carcagnì, Pierluigi ; Distante, Cosimo ; Mazzeo, Pier Luigi ; Spagnolo, Paolo ; Levante, Annalisa ; Petrocchi, Serena ; Lecciso, Flavia

In: Applied sciences, 2019, vol. 9, no. 21, p. 4542

The computational analysis of facial expressions is an emerging research topic that could overcome the limitations of human perception and get quick and objective outcomes in the assessment of neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g., Autism Spectrum Disorders, ASD). Unfortunately, there have been only a few attempts to quantify facial expression production and most of the scientific literature ...

Université de Fribourg

Notes on the cheek region of the Late Jurassic theropod dinosaur Allosaurus

Evers, Serjoscha W. ; Foth, Christian ; Rauhut, Oliver W.M.

In: PeerJ, 2020, vol. 8, p. e8493

Allosaurus, from the Late Jurassic of North America and Europe, is a model taxon for Jurassic basal tetanuran theropod dinosaurs. It has achieved an almost iconic status due to its early discovery in the late, 19th century, and due to the abundance of material from the Morrison Formation of the western U.S.A., making Allosaurus one of the best-known theropod taxa. Despite this, various...

Université de Fribourg

Late Jurassic theropod dinosaur bones from the Langenberg Quarry (Lower Saxony, Germany) provide evidence for several theropod lineages in the central European archipelago

Evers, Serjoscha W. ; Wings, Oliver

In: PeerJ, 2020, vol. 8, p. e8437

Marine limestones and marls in the Langenberg Quarry provide unique insights into a Late Jurassic island ecosystem in central Europe. The beds yield a varied assemblage of terrestrial vertebrates including extremely rare bones of theropod from theropod dinosaurs, which we describe here for the first time. All of the theropod bones belong to relatively small individuals but represent a wide...

Université de Fribourg

Mapping the development of visual information use for facial expression recognition

Rodger, Helen ; Caldara, Roberto (Dir.)

Thèse de doctorat : Université de Fribourg, 2019.

Dans cette thèse, je souhaitais cartographier le développement de la reconnaissance des expressions faciales de la petite enfance à l'âge adulte en identifiant, et ceci pour la première fois dans la littérature développementale, la quantité et la qualité d’informations visuelles nécessaires pour reconnaître les six émotions « de base ». En utilisant des mesures comportementales et...