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Université de Fribourg

Frameworks used in invasion science: progress and prospects

Wilson, John R.U. ; Bacher, Sven ; Daehler, Curtis C. ; Groom, Quentin J. ; Kumschick, Sabrina ; Lockwood, Julie L. ; Robinson, Tamara B. ; Zengeya, Tsungai A. ; Richardson, David M.

In: NeoBiota, 2020, vol. 62, p. 1–30

Our understanding and management of biological invasions relies on our ability to classify and conceptualise the phenomenon. This need has stimulated the development of a plethora of frameworks, ranging in nature from conceptual to applied. However, most of these frameworks have not been widely tested and their general applicability is unknown. In order to critically evaluate frameworks in...

Université de Fribourg

Monitoring rock glacier kinematics with satellite synthetic aperture radar

Strozzi, Tazio ; Caduff, Rafael ; Jones, Nina ; Barboux, Chloé ; Delaloye, Reynald ; Bodin, Xavier ; Kääb, Andreas ; Mätzler, Eva ; Schrott, Lothar

In: Remote Sensing, 2020, vol. 12, no. 3, p. 559

Active rock glaciers represent the best visual expression of mountain permafrost that can be mapped and monitored directly using remotely sensed data. Active rock glaciers are bodies that consist of a perennially frozen ice/rock mixture and express a distinct flow-like morphology indicating downslope permafrost creep movement. Annual rates of motion have ranged from a few millimeters to...

Université de Fribourg

Total energy expenditure assessed by doubly labeled water technique and estimates of physical activity in Mauritian children: analysis by gender and ethnicity

Ramuth, Harris ; Schutz, Yves ; Calonne, Julie ; Joonas, Noorjehan ; Dulloo, Abdul G.

In: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2020, vol. 74, no. 3, p. 445–453

In the tropical island of Mauritius, the rise in obesity has accelerated in the past decades, and could be contributed by low physical activity and increased sedentary behavior. The study objectives were to generate the first dataset of total energy expenditure (TEE), to estimate physical activity in Mauritian children, and to explore differences due to gender and ethnicity.Subjects/methods:...

Université de Fribourg

Apex predators decline after an influx of pastoralists in former Central African Republic hunting zones

Aebischer, Thierry ; Ibrahim, Tidjani ; Hickisch, Raffael ; Furrer, Roman D. ; Leuenberger, Christoph ; Wegmann, Daniel

In: Biological Conservation, 2020, vol. 241, p. 108326

Pastoralism is spreading in Central Africa, where many protected areas are under consideration to be opened for grazing, in particular hunting zones. Here we document the loss of biodiversity followed by an influx of transhumant pastoralism into previously uninhabited and virtually pristine habitat in the Central African Republic. Our track count and camera trap surveys of 2012, 2016 and...

Università della Svizzera italiana

The digital birth of an African city : the case of Douala

Pucciarelli, Marta ; Cantoni, Lorenzo (Dir.)

Thèse de doctorat : Università della Svizzera italiana, 2019 ; 2019COM003.

This dissertation focuses on the online communication and representation of a digital city in Africa: Douala, the largest city of the Republic of Cameroon. In particular, it explores the evolution of the web-based reproduction (Couclelis, 2004) of Douala, the largest city of the Republic of Cameroon, from a chronological, spatial and representational perspective, with the purpose of...

Université de Fribourg

No evidence that frontal optical flow affects perceived locomotor speed and locomotor biomechanics when running on a treadmill

Caramenti, Martina ; Lafortuna, Claudio L. ; Mugellini, Elena ; Khaled, Omar Abou ; Bresciani, Jean-Pierre ; Dubois, Amandine

In: Applied Sciences, 2019, vol. 9, no. 21, p. 4589

We investigated how the presentation and the manipulation of an optical flow while running on a treadmill affect perceived locomotor speed (Experiment 1) and gait parameters (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, 12 healthy participants were instructed to run at an imposed speed and to focus on their sensorimotor sensations to be able to reproduce this running speed later. After a pause, they had...

Université de Fribourg

A new alligatoroid from the Eocene of Vietnam highlights an extinct Asian clade independent from extant Alligator sinensis

Massonne, Tobias ; Vasilyan, Davit ; Rabi, Márton ; Böhme, Madelaine

In: PeerJ, 2019, vol. 7, p. e7562

During systematic paleontological surveys in the Na Duong Basin in North Vietnam between 2009 and 2012, well-preserved fossilized cranial and postcranial remains belonging to at least 29 individuals of a middle to late Eocene (late Bartonian to Priabonian age (39–35 Ma)) alligatoroid were collected. Comparative anatomical study of the material warrants the diagnosis of a new taxon,...

Université de Fribourg

Exploring barriers to consistent condom use among sub-Saharan African young immigrants in Switzerland

Mileti, Francesca Poglia ; Mellini, Laura ; Sulstarova, Brikela ; Villani, Michela ; Singy, Pascal

In: AIDS care, 2018, vol. 31, no. 1, p. 113-116

No study to date has focused on barriers to condom use specifically among young immigrants to Europe from sub-Saharan Africa. Based on a qualitative study in sociology, this paper explores generational differences in barriers to condom use between first-generation immigrants (born in Africa and arrived in Switzerland after age 10) and second-generation immigrants (born in Switzerland to two...

Université de Fribourg

Species delimitation in the East Asian species of the relict tree genus Zelkova (Ulmaceae): A complex history of diversification and admixture among species

Naciri, Yamama ; Christe, Camille ; Bétrisey, Sébastien ; Song, Yi-Gang ; Deng, Min ; Garfì, Giuseppe ; Kozlowski, Gregor

In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2019, vol. 134, p. 172–185

Zelkova species, trees of the elm family (Ulmaceae), are part of the Cenozoic relict flora. In western Eurasia, the genus comprises three species that are restricted to disjunct areas (Z. sicula on Sicily, Z. abelicea on Crete and Z. carpinifolia in Transcaucasia). The situation is different in East Asia, where three species (Z. serrata, Z. schneideriana and Z. sinica) have at least partly...

Université de Fribourg

Surviving in the BRICS: the struggle of South African business in coping with new partners and investors

Wenzel, Nadine ; Freund, Bill ; Graefe, Olivier

In: International Review of Applied Economics, 2019, vol. 33, no. 1, p. 51–70

The purpose of this paper is to improve our understanding of how South African economic actors react to the gradual entry of non-South African BRICS firms in their established business areas. Throughout the twentieth century, South Africa’s trade and investment activities were conducted overwhelmingly with Western countries. However, the end of apartheid coincided with significant shifts as...