Université de Fribourg

Innovative preclinical models for pulmonary drug delivery research

Ehrmann, Stephan ; Schmid, Otmar ; Darquenne, Chantal ; Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara ; Sznitman, Josue ; Yang, Lin ; Barosova, Hana ; Vecellio, Laurent ; Mitchell, Jolyon ; Heuze-Vourc’h, Nathalie

In: Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2020, vol. 17, no. 4, p. 463–478

Introduction: Pulmonary drug delivery is a complex field of research combining physics which drive aerosol transport and deposition and biology which underpins efficacy and toxicity of inhaled drugs. A myriad of preclinical methods, ranging from in- silico to in-vitro, ex–vivo and in-vivo, can be implemented.Areas covered: The present review covers in-silico mathematical and computational...

Université de Fribourg

A selective culture medium for screening ceftazidime-avibactam resistance in Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Sadek, Mustafa ; Poirel, Laurent ; Tinguely, Camille ; Nordmann, Patrice

In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2020, vol. 58, no. 9, p. -

The SuperCAZ/AVI medium was developed for screening ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) resistance among Gram-negative bacteria (Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). It was evaluated using 50 CZA-susceptible and 42 CZA- resistant Gram-negative isolates. Its sensitivity and specificity of detection were 100%. Excellent performance of the medium was also observed by testing spiked stools, with ...

Université de Fribourg

Implementation and evaluation of methods for the optimal detection of carbapenem-resistant and colistin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii from stools

Fournier, Claudine ; Poirel, Laurent ; Nordmann, Patrice

In: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2020, vol. 98, no. 2, p. 115121

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), as well as polymyxin-resistant A. baumannii (PMR-AB) and P. aeruginosa (PMR-PA), were used to test different enrichment strategies from spiked stools. Three procedures were compared, namely, direct inoculation on selective plates and plating after a 24-h enrichment step in tryptic soy broth with or without ...

Université de Fribourg

Pathogenicity genomic island-associated CrpP-like fluoroquinolone-modifying enzymes among Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates in Europe

Ortiz de la Rosa, José Manuel ; Nordmann, Patrice ; Poirel, Laurent

In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2020, vol. 64, no. 7, p. -

Many transferable quinolone resistance mechanisms have been identified in Gram- negative bacteria. The plasmid-encoded 65-amino-acid-long ciprofloxacin-modifying enzyme CrpP was recently identified in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. We analyzed a collection of 100 clonally unrelated and multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolates, among which 46 were positive for crpP-like genes,...

Université de Fribourg

Rapid polymyxin/pseudomonas NP test for rapid detection of polymyxin susceptibility/resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Sadek, Mustafa ; Tinguely, Camille ; Poirel, Laurent ; Nordmann, Patrice

In: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2020, p. -

Polymyxins are becoming an added value for treating infections due to multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Therefore, the Rapid Polymyxin/Pseudomonas NP test was developed for the identification of polymyxin resistance in P. aeruginosa isolates. This test detects the bacterial growth in a medium containing a defined concentration of colistin. Formation of basic metabolites is visually...

Université de Fribourg

Altering the temporal regulation of one transcription factor drives evolutionary trade-offs between head sensory organs

Ramaekers, Ariane ; Claeys, Annelies ; Kapun, Martin ; Mouchel-Vielh, Emmanuèle ; Potier, Delphine ; Weinberger, Simon ; Grillenzoni, Nicola ; Dardalhon-Cuménal, Delphine ; Yan, Jiekun ; Wolf, Reinhard ; Flatt, Thomas ; Buchner, Erich ; Hassan, Bassem A.

In: Developmental Cell, 2019, vol. 50, no. 6, p. 780-792.e7

Size trade-offs of visual versus olfactory organs is a pervasive feature of animal evolution. This could result from genetic or functional constraints. We demonstrate that head sensory organ size trade-offs in Drosophila are genetically encoded and arise through differential subdivision of the head primordium into visual versus non- visual fields. We discover that changes in the temporal...

Université de Fribourg

ESBLs and resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam combinations in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Ortiz de la Rosa, José-Manuel ; Nordmann, Patrice ; Poirel, Laurent

In: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2019, vol. 74, no. 7, p. 1934–1939

To evaluate the efficacy of the recently launched β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam against ESBL- producing Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.Methods: A series of ESBL-encoding genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, blaVEB, blaPER, blaGES and blaBEL) was cloned and expressed in E. coli or P. aeruginosa recipient strains. ...