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Université de Fribourg

The impact of climate change and glacier mass loss on the hydrology in the Mont-Blanc massif

Laurent, Léa ; Buoncristiani, Jean‑François ; Pohl, Benjamin ; Zekollari, Harry ; Farinotti, Daniel ; Huss, Matthias ; Mugnier, Jean‑Louis ; Pergaud, Julien

In: Scientific Reports, 2020, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 10420

The Mont-Blanc massif, being iconic with its large glaciers and peaks of over 4,000 m, will experience a sharp increase in summer temperatures during the twenty-first century. By 2100, the impact of climate change on the cryosphere and hydrosphere in the Alps is expected to lead to a decrease in annual river discharge. In this work, we modelled the twenty-first century evolution of runoff in...

Université de Fribourg

Orlik-Solomon type presentations for the cohomology algebra of toric arrangements

Callegaro, Filippo ; D’Adderio, Michele ; Delucchi, Emanuele ; Migliorini, Luca ; Pagaria, Roberto

In: Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 2019, vol. 373, no. 3, p. 1909–1940

We give an explicit presentation for the integral cohomology ring of the complement of any arrangement of level sets of characters in a complex torus (alias ``toric arrangement''). Our description parallels the one given by Orlik and Solomon for arrangements of hyperplanes and builds on De Concini and Procesi's work on the rational cohomology of unimodular toric arrangements. As a byproduct...

Université de Fribourg

On the imbalance and response time of glaciers in the european alps

Zekollari, Harry ; Huss, Matthias ; Farinotti, Daniel

In: Geophysical Research Letters, 2020, vol. 47, no. 2, p. e2019GL085578

Glaciers in the European Alps rapidly lose mass to adapt to changes in climate conditions. Here, we investigate the relationship and lag between climate forcing and geometric glacier response with a regional glacier evolution model accounting for ice dynamics. The volume loss occurring as a result of the glacier‐climate imbalance increased over the early 21st century, from about 35% in...

Université de Fribourg

Embryonic photosynthesis affects post-germination plant growth

Sela, Ayala ; Piskurewicz, Urszula ; Megies, Christian ; Mène-Saffrané, Laurent ; Finazzi, Giovanni ; Lopez-Molina, Luis

In: Plant Physiology, 2020, vol. 182, no. 4, p. 2166–2181

Photosynthesis is the fundamental process fueling plant vegetative growth and development. The progeny of plants relies on maternal photosynthesis, via food reserves in the seed, to supply the necessary energy for seed germination and early seedling establishment. Intriguingly, before seed maturation, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) embryos are also photosynthetically active, the...

Université de Fribourg

Future shifts in extreme flow regimes in Alpine regions

Brunner, Manuela I. ; Farinotti, Daniel ; Zekollari, Harry ; Huss, Matthias ; Zappa, Massimiliano

In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 2019, vol. 23, no. 11, p. 4471–4489

Extreme low and high flows can have negative economic, social, and ecological effects and are expected to become more severe in many regions due to climate change. Besides low and high flows, the whole flow regime, i.e., annual hydrograph comprised of monthly mean flows, is subject to changes. Knowledge on future changes in flow regimes is important since regimes contain information on both ...

Université de Fribourg

A substrate of the ABC transporter PEN3 stimulates bacterial flagellin (flg22)-induced callose deposition in Arabidopsis thaliana

Matern, Andreas ; Böttcher, Christoph ; Eschen-Lippold, Lennart ; Westermann, Bernhard ; Smolka, Ulrike ; Döll, Stefanie ; Trempel, Fabian ; Aryal, Bibek ; Scheel, Dierk ; Geisler, Markus ; Rosahl, Sabine

In: Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2019, vol. 294, no. 17, p. 6857–6870

Nonhost resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana against Phytophthora infestans, a filamentous eukaryotic microbe and the causal agent of potato late blight, is based on a multilayered defense system. Arabidopsis thaliana controls pathogen entry through the penetration-resistance genes PEN2 and PEN3, encoding an atypical myrosinase and an ABC transporter, respectively, required for synthesis and...

Université de Fribourg

Characterization and potential roles of calretinin in rodent spermatozoa

Dressen, Cindy ; Schwaller, Beat ; Vegh, Grégory ; Leleux, Fabienne ; Gall, David ; Lebrun, Philippe ; Lybaert, Pascale

In: Cell Calcium, 2018, vol. 74, p. 94–101

Calretinin has been detected in various excitable cells but the presence and putative roles of such a calcium-binding protein has never been characterized in sperm.Epididymal spermatozoa were collected from C57Bl6 (wild-type, WT) or calretinin knockout (CR−/−) mice and Wistar rats. A specific staining for calretinin was detected by immunofluorescence in the principal piece of the...