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Université de Fribourg

The karrikin signaling regulator SMAX1 controls Lotus japonicus root and root hair development by suppressing ethylene biosynthesis

Carbonnel, Samy ; Dasa, Debatosh ; Varshney, Kartikye ; Kolodziej, Markus C. ; Villaécija-Aguilar, José A. ; Gutjahr, Caroline

In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2020, vol. 117, no. 35, p. 21757–21765

An evolutionarily ancient plant hormone receptor complex comprising the α/β-fold hydrolase receptor KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE 2 (KAI2) and the F-box protein MORE AXILLARY GROWTH 2 (MAX2) mediates a range of developmental responses to smoke-derived butenolides called karrikins (KARs) and to yet elusive endogenous KAI2 ligands (KLs). Degradation of SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1 (SMAX1) after ligand ...

Université de Fribourg

From zero to six double bonds: phospholipid unsaturation and organelle function

Antonny, Bruno ; Vanni, Stefano ; Shindou, Hideo ; Thierry, Ferreira

In: Trends in Cell Biology, 2015, vol. 25, no. 7, p. 427–436

Cellular phospholipids (PLs) differ by the nature of their polar heads as well as by the length and unsaturation level of their fatty acyl chains. We discuss how the ratio between saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated PLs impacts on the functions of such organelles as the endoplasmic reticulum, synaptic vesicles, and photoreceptor discs. Recent experiments and simulations suggest...

Université de Fribourg

Breast milk microbiota: A review of the factors that influence composition

Zimmermann, Petra ; Curtis, Nigel

In: Journal of Infection, 2020, vol. 81, no. 1, p. 17–47

Breastfeeding is associated with considerable health benefits for infants. Aside from essential nutrients, immune cells and bioactive components, breast milk also contains a diverse range of microbes, which are important for maintaining mammary and infant health. In this review, we summarise studies that have investigated the composition of the breast milk microbiota and factors that might...

Università della Svizzera italiana

Shp-2 is dispensable for establishing T cell exhaustion and for PD-1 signaling in vivo

Rota, Giorgia ; Niogret, Charlène ; Dang, Anh Thu ; Ramon Barros, Cristina ; Fonta, Nicolas Pierre ; Alfei, Francesca ; Morgado, Leonor ; Zehn, Dietmar ; Birchmeier, Walter ; Vivier, Eric ; Guarda, Greta

In: Cell reports, 2018, vol. 23, no. 1, p. 39-49

In chronic infection and cancer, T cells acquire a dysfunctional state characterized by the expression of inhibitory receptors. In vitro studies implicated the phosphatase Shp-2 downstream of these receptors, including PD-1. However, whether Shp-2 is responsible in vivo for such dysfunctional responses remains elusive. To address this, we generated T cell- specific Shp-2-deficient mice. These...

Université de Fribourg

Expression of granulisyn, perforin and granzymes in human milk over lactation and in the case of maternal infection

Twigger, Alecia-Jane ; Küffer, Gwendoline K. ; Geddes, Donna T. ; Filgueria, Luis

In: Nutrients, 2018, vol. 10, no. 9, p. 1230

Human milk has been previously found to contain various types of leukocytes however specific characteristics of these cells, such as whether they contain cytolytic antimicrobial proteins that may induce pathogen directed cell death, are unknown. This project aims to examine the presence and localization of immune proteins such as perforin, granulysin and granzymes in human milk cells at the...