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Université de Fribourg

Neuroanatomy of the spinosaurid Irritator challengeri (Dinosauria: Theropoda) indicates potential adaptations for piscivory

Schade, Marco ; Rauhut, Oliver W. M. ; Evers, Serjoscha W.

In: Scientific Reports, 2020, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 9259

Spinosauridae, a theropod group characterized by elongated snouts, conical teeth, enlarged forelimbs, and often elongated neural spines, show evidence for semiaquatic adaptations and piscivory. It is currently debated if these animals represent terrestrial carnivores with adaptations for a piscivorous diet, or if they largely lived and foraged in aquatic habitats. The holotype of Irritator...

Université de Fribourg

The last surviving Thalassochelydia — A new turtle cranium from the Early Cretaceous of the Purbeck Group (Dorset, UK)

Anquetin, Jérémy ; André, Charlotte

In: PaleorXiv, 2020, p. 7pa5c

Background. The mostly Berriasian (Early Cretaceous) Purbeck Group of southern England has produced a rich turtle fauna dominated by the freshwater paracryptodires Pleurosternon bullockii and Dorsetochelys typocardium. Each of these species is known by numerous relatively complete shells and by a single cranium. The two other turtles found in the Purbeck Group (Hylaeochelys belli, a species of...

Université de Fribourg

Resolution limit of taylor dispersion: an exact theoretical study

Taladriz-Blanco, Patricia ; Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara ; Petri-Fink, Alke ; Balog, Sandor

In: Analytical Chemistry, 2020, vol. 92, no. 1, p. 561–566

Taylor dispersion is a microfluidic analytical technique with a high dynamic range and therefore is suited well to measuring the hydrodynamic radius of small molecules, proteins, supramolecular complexes, macromolecules, nanoparticles and their self- assembly. Here we calculate an unaddressed yet fundamental property: the limit of resolution, which is defined as the smallest change in the...

Université de Fribourg

Comparative analysis of the shape and size of the middle ear cavity of turtles reveals no correlation with habitat ecology

Foth, Christian ; Evers, Serjoscha W. ; Joyce, Walter G. ; Volpato, Virginie S. ; Benson, Roger B. J.

In: Journal of Anatomy, 2019, no. 0, p. -

The middle ear of turtles differs from other reptiles in being separated into two distinct compartments. Several ideas have been proposed as to why the middle ear is compartmentalized in turtles, most suggesting a relationship with underwater hearing. Extant turtle species span fully marine to strictly terrestrial habitats, and ecomorphological hypotheses of turtle hearing predict that this...

Université de Fribourg

Precision of Taylor dispersion

Taladriz-Blanco, Patricia ; Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara ; Petri-Fink, Alke ; Balog, Sandor

In: Analytical Chemistry, 2019, vol. 91, no. 15, p. 9946–9951

Taylor dispersion is capable of measuring accurately the hydrodynamic radius over several orders of magnitude. Accordingly, it is now a highly competitive technique dedicated to characterizing small molecules, proteins, macromolecules, nanoparticles, and their self-assembly. Regardless, an in-depth analysis addressing the precision of the technique, being a key indicator of reproducibility,...

Université de Fribourg

Ecological constraints coupled with deep-time habitat dynamics predict the latitudinal diversity gradient in reef fishes

Gaboriau, Théo ; Albouy, Camille ; Descombes, Patrice ; Mouillot, David ; Pellissier, Loïc ; Leprieur, Fabien

In: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2019, vol. 286, no. 1911, p. 20191506

We develop a spatially explicit model of diversification based on palaeohabitat to explore the predictions of four major hypotheses potentially explaining the latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG), namely, the ‘time-area’, ‘tropical niche conservatism’, ‘ecological limits’ and ‘evolutionary speed’ hypotheses. We compare simulation outputs to observed diversity gradients in the...

Université de Fribourg

Pleistocene sea-floor fibrous crusts and spherulites in the Danakil Depression (Afar, Ethiopia)

Jaramillo‐Vogel, David ; Foubert, Anneleen ; Braga, Juan Carlos ; Schaegis, Jean‐Charles ; Atnafu, Balemwal ; Grobéty, Bernard ; Kidane, Tesfaye

In: Sedimentology, 2019, vol. 66, no. 2, p. 480–512

Pleistocene fibrous aragonite fabrics, including crusts and spherules, occur in the Danakil Depression (Afar, Ethiopia) following the deposition of two distinctive Middle and Late Pleistocene coralgal reef units and pre‐dating the precipitation of evaporites. Crusts on top of the oldest reef unit (Marine Isotope Stage 7) cover and fill cavities within a red algal framework. The younger...

Université de Fribourg

Nanoparticles and Taylor dispersion as a linear time-invariant system

Lemal, Philipp ; Petri-Fink, Alke ; Balog, Sandor

In: Analytical Chemistry, 2019, vol. 91, no. 2, p. 1217–1221

The physical principles underpinning Taylor dispersion offer a high dynamic range to characterize the hydrodynamic radius of particles. While Taylor dispersion grants the ability to measure radius within nearly 5 orders of magnitude, the detection of particles is never instantaneous. It requires a finite sample volume, a finite detector area, and a finite detection time for measuring...