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Université de Fribourg

Reward-related suppression of neural activity in macaque visual area v4

Shapcott, Katharine A ; Schmiedt, Joscha T ; Kouroupaki, Kleopatra ; Kienitz, Ricardo ; Lazar, Andreea ; Singer, Wolf ; Schmid, Michael C

In: Cerebral Cortex, 2020, vol. 30, no. 9, p. 4871–4881

In order for organisms to survive, they need to detect rewarding stimuli, for example, food or a mate, in a complex environment with many competing stimuli. These rewarding stimuli should be detected even if they are nonsalient or irrelevant to the current goal. The value-driven theory of attentional selection proposes that this detection takes place through reward-associated stimuli...

Université de Fribourg

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition: past, present and future

Curtin, Nicola J. ; Szabo, Csaba

In: Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 2020, vol. 19, no. 10, p. 711–736

The process of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and the major enzyme that catalyses this reaction, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), were discovered more than 50 years ago. Since then, advances in our understanding of the roles of PARP1 in cellular processes such as DNA repair, gene transcription and cell death have allowed the investigation of therapeutic PARP inhibition for a variety of diseases...

Université de Fribourg

Adaptation to developmental diet influences the response to selection on age at reproduction in the fruit fly

May, Christina M. ; Heuvel, Joost van den ; Doroszuk, Agnieszka ; Hoedjes, Katja M. ; Flatt, Thomas ; Zwaan, Bas J.

In: Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 2019, vol. 32, no. 5, p. 425–437

Experimental evolution (EE) is a powerful tool for addressing how environmental factors influence life‐history evolution. While in nature different selection pressures experienced across the lifespan shape life histories, EE studies typically apply selection pressures one at a time. Here, we assess the consequences of adaptation to three different developmental diets in combination with...