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Université de Fribourg

The rise of angiosperms pushed conifers to decline during global cooling

Condamine, Fabien L. ; Silvestro, Daniele ; Koppelhus, Eva B. ; Antonelli, Alexandre

In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2020, vol. 117, no. 46, p. 28867–28875

Competition among species and entire clades can impact species diversification and extinction, which can shape macroevolutionary patterns. The fossil record shows successive biotic turnovers such that a dominant group is replaced by another. One striking example involves the decline of gymnosperms and the rapid diversification and ecological dominance of angiosperms in the Cretaceous. It is...

Université de Fribourg

Nanostructure generation during milk digestion in presence of a cell culture model simulating the small intestine

Hempt, Claudia ; Gontsarik, Mark ; Buerki-Thurnherr, Tina ; Hirsch, Cordula ; Salentinig, Stefan

In: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2020, vol. 574, p. 430–440

Hypothesis: The development of advanced oral delivery systems for bioactive compounds requires the fundamental understanding of the digestion process within the gastrointestinal tract. Towards this goal, dynamic invitro digestion models, capable of characterising the molecular as well as colloidal aspects of food, together with their biological interactions with relevant invitro cell culture...

Université de Fribourg

Internal lamellar and inverse hexagonal liquid crystalline phases during the digestion of krill and astaxanthin oil-in-water emulsions

Yaghmur, Anan ; Lotfi, Saleh ; Ariabod, Sarah Atoussa ; Bor, Gizem ; Gontsarik, Mark ; Salentinig, Stefan

In: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 2019, vol. 7, p. -

Krill oil represents an important alternative natural source of omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Considering the beneficial health effects of these essential fatty acids, particularly in various disorders including cancer, cardiovascular, and inflammation diseases, it is of paramount importance to gain insight into the digestibility of krill oil. In this work, we study the...

Université de Fribourg

The digestive system of xenacoelomorphs

Gavilán, B. ; Sprecher, Simon G. ; Hartenstein, Volker ; Martinez, Pedro

In: Cell and Tissue Research, 2019, vol. 377, no. 3, p. 369–382

Interest in the study of Xenacoelomorpha has recently been revived due to realization of its key phylogenetic position as the putative sister group of the remaining Bilateria. Phylogenomic studies have attracted the attention of researchers interested in the evolution of animals and the origin of novelties. However, it is clear that a proper understanding of novelties can only be gained in...

Université de Fribourg

Distinct genomic signals of lifespan and life history evolution in response to postponed reproduction and larval diet in Drosophila

Hoedjes, Katja M. ; van den Heuvel, Joost ; Kapun, Martin ; Keller, Laurent ; Flatt, Thomas ; Zwaan, Bas J.

In: Evolution Letters, 2019, p. -

Reproduction and diet are two major factors controlling the physiology of aging and life history, but how they interact to affect the evolution of longevity is unknown. Moreover, although studies of large‐effect mutants suggest an important role of nutrient sensing pathways in regulating aging, the genetic basis of evolutionary changes in lifespan remains poorly understood. To address these...

Université de Fribourg

Adaptation to developmental diet influences the response to selection on age at reproduction in the fruit fly

May, Christina M. ; Heuvel, Joost van den ; Doroszuk, Agnieszka ; Hoedjes, Katja M. ; Flatt, Thomas ; Zwaan, Bas J.

In: Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 2019, vol. 32, no. 5, p. 425–437

Experimental evolution (EE) is a powerful tool for addressing how environmental factors influence life‐history evolution. While in nature different selection pressures experienced across the lifespan shape life histories, EE studies typically apply selection pressures one at a time. Here, we assess the consequences of adaptation to three different developmental diets in combination with...

Université de Fribourg

Supramolecular structures in lipid digestion and implications for functional food delivery

Salentinig, Stefan

In: Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science, 2019, vol. 39, p. 190–201

The daily diet is important for our survival, health, and wellbeing. Functional food materials, which tailor the digestion process, can help maintaining and even improving human health and lifestyle. Knowledge on how food products, particularly food emulsions such as milk, interact with the digestive system, where they transform into supramolecular structures, can have a direct impact on the...