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Direct and indirect treatment effects - causal chains and mediation analysis with instrumental variables

Fröhlich, Markus ; Huber, Martin

In: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, 2017, vol. 79, no. 5, p. 1645-1666

The paper discusses the non‐parametric identification of causal direct and indirect effects of a binary treatment based on instrumental variables. We identify the indirect effect, which operates through a mediator (i.e. intermediate variable) that is situated on the causal path between the treatment and the outcome, as well as the unmediated direct effect of the treatment by using distinct...