In: Molecular Autism, 2018, vol. 9, p. 15
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by two core symptoms: impaired social interaction and communication, and restricted, repetitive behaviors and interests. The pathophysiology of ASD is not yet fully understood, due to a plethora of genetic and environmental risk factors that might be associated with or causal for ASD. Recent findings...
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In: Biomarker Research, 2018, vol. 6, no. 1, p. 19
Calretinin is the most widespread positive marker for the immunohistochemical identification of malignant mesothelioma (MM) and was proposed to serve as a blood- based biomarker. Functionally, evidence has accumulated that calretinin might be implicated in MM tumorigenesis. We aimed to identify calretinin (CR; Calb2) in murine MM and reactive mesothelial cells in granuloma from...
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In: Molecular Autism, 2020, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 47
In fast firing, parvalbumin (PV)-expressing (Pvalb) interneurons, PV acts as an intracellular Ca2+ signal modulator with slow-onset kinetics. In Purkinje cells of PV−/− mice, adaptive/homeostatic mechanisms lead to an increase in mitochondria, organelles equally capable of delayed Ca2+ sequestering/buffering. An inverse regulation of PV and mitochondria likewise operates in cell model...
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In: Frontiers In Molecular Neuroscience, 2012, vol. 5, p. 56
Calretinin (CR) and calbindin D-28k (CB) are cytosolic EF-hand Ca²⁺-binding proteins and function as Ca²⁺ buffers affecting the spatiotemporal aspects of Ca²⁺ transients and possibly also as Ca²⁺ sensors modulating signaling cascades. In the adult hippocampal circuitry, CR and CB are expressed in specific principal neurons and subsets of interneurons. In addition, CR is transiently...
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In: Hippocampus, 2012, vol. 22, p. 1107-1120
Although reductions in the expression of the calcium-buffering proteins calbindin D-28K (CB) and parvalbumin (PV) have been observed in the aging brain, it is unknown whether these changes contribute to age-related hippocampal dysfunction. To address this issue, we measured basal hippocampal metabolism and hippocampal structure across the lifespan of C57BL/6J, calbindin D-28k knockout (CBKO) and...
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In: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research, 2016, vol. 1863, no. 8, p. 2054–2064
Vanilloids including capsaicin and resiniferatoxin are potent transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) agonists. TRPV1 overstimulation selectively ablates capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons in animal models in vivo. The cytotoxic mechanisms are based on strong Na⁺ and Ca2 + influx via TRPV1 channels, which leads to mitochondrial Ca2 + accumulation and...
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In: PLoS ONE, 2015, vol. 10, no. 11, p. e0142005
Parvalbumin (PV) is a cytosolic Ca²⁺-binding protein acting as a slow-onset Ca²⁺ buffer modulating the shape of Ca²⁺ transients in fast-twitch muscles and a subpopulation of neurons. PV is also expressed in non-excitable cells including distal convoluted tubule (DCT) cells of the kidney, where it might act as an intracellular Ca²⁺ shuttle facilitating transcellular Ca²⁺ resorption....
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In: Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2018, vol. 293, no. 14, p. 5247–5258
Biological (or cellular) noise is the random quantitative variability of proteins and other molecules in individual, genetically identical cells. As the result of biological noise in the levels of some transcription factors that determine a cell's differentiation status, differentiated cells may dedifferentiate to a stem cell state given a sufficiently long time period. Here, to provide...
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In: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 2010, vol. 109, no. 3, p. 519-531
The short-chain fatty acid butyrate plays an essential role in colonic mucosa homeostasis through the capacity to block the cell cycle, regulate differentiation and to induce apoptosis. The beneficial effect of dietary fibers on preventing colon cancer is essentially mediated through butyrate, derived from luminal fermentation of fibers by intestinal bacteria. In epithelial cells of the colon,...
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In: Journal of Neurophysiology, 2013, vol. 109, no. 11, p. 2827–2841
The reticular thalamic nucleus (RTN) of the mouse is characterized by an overwhelming majority of GABAergic neurons receiving afferences from both the thalamus and the cerebral cortex and sending projections mainly on thalamocortical neurons. The RTN neurons express high levels of the “slow Ca²⁺ buffer” parvalbumin (PV) and are characterized by low-threshold Ca²⁺ currents,...
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