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Université de Fribourg

Pavlovian conditioning of larval drosophila: an illustrated, multilingual, hands-on manual for odor-taste associative learning in maggots

Michels, Birgit ; Saumweber, Timo ; Biernacki, Roland ; Thum, Jeanette ; Glasgow, Rupert D. V. ; Schleyer, Michael ; Chen, Yi-chun ; Eschbach, Claire ; Stocker, Reinhard F. ; Toshima, Naoko ; Tanimura, Teiichi ; Louis, Matthieu ; Arias-Gil, Gonzalo ; Marescotti, Manuela ; Benfenati, Fabio ; Gerber, Bertram

In: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 2017, vol. 11, p. -

Larval Drosophila offer a study case for behavioral neurogenetics that is simple enough to be experimentally tractable, yet complex enough to be worth the effort. We provide a detailed, hands-on manual for Pavlovian odor-reward learning in these animals. Given the versatility of Drosophila for genetic analyses, combined with the evolutionarily shared genetic heritage with humans, the paradigm...

Université de Fribourg

Characterization of the octopaminergic and tyraminergic neurons in the central brain of Drosophila larvae

Selcho, Mareike ; Pauls, Dennis ; Huser, Annina ; Stocker, Reinhard F. ; Thum, Andreas S.

In: Journal of Comparative Neurology, 2014, p. –

Drosophila larvae are able to evaluate sensory information based on prior experience, similar to adult flies, other insect species and vertebrates. Larvae and adult flies can be taught to associate odor stimuli with sugar reward and prior work has implicated both the octopaminergic and dopaminergic modulatory systems in reinforcement signaling. Here we use genetics to analyze the anatomy, up to...

Université de Fribourg

The serotonergic central nervous system of the drosophila larva: anatomy and behavioral function

Huser, Annina ; Rohwedder, Astrid ; Apostolopoulou, Anthi A. ; Widmann, Annekathrin ; Pfitzenmaier, Johanna E. R. ; Maiolo, Elena M. ; Selcho, Mareike ; Pauls, Dennis ; Essen, Alina von ; Gupta, Tripti ; Sprecher, Simon G. ; Birman, Serge ; Riemensperger, Thomas ; Stocker, Reinhard F. ; Thum, Andreas S.

In: PLoS ONE, 2012, vol. 7, no. 10, p. e47518

The Drosophila larva has turned into a particularly simple model system for studying the neuronal basis of innate behaviors and higher brain functions. Neuronal networks involved in olfaction, gustation, vision and learning and memory have been described during the last decade, often up to the single-cell level. Thus, most of these sensory networks are substantially defined, from the sensory...

Université de Fribourg

The role of octopamine and tyramine in Drosophila larval locomotion

Selcho, Mareike ; Pauls, Dennis ; Jundi, Basil el ; Stocker, Reinhard F. ; Thum, Andreas S.

In: The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 2012, p. -

The characteristic crawling behavior of Drosophila larvae consists of a series of rhythmic waves of peristalsis and episodes of head swinging and turning. The two biogenic amines octopamine and tyramine have recently been shown to modulate various parameters of locomotion, such as muscle contraction, the time spent in pausing or forward locomotion and the initiation and maintenance of rhythmic...

Université de Fribourg

Diversity, variability, and suboesophageal connectivity of antennal lobe neurons in D. melanogaster larvae

Thum, Andreas S. ; Leisibach, Basil ; Gendre, Nanaë ; Selcho, Mareike ; Stocker, Reinhard F.

In: The Journal of Comparative Neurology, 2011, vol. 59, no. 17, p. 3415–3432

Whereas the “vertical” elements of the insect olfactory pathway, the olfactory receptor neurons and the projection neurons, have been studied in great detail, local interneurons providing “horizontal” connections in the antennal lobe were ignored for a long time. Recent studies in adult Drosophila demonstrate diverse roles for these neurons in the integration of odor information,...

Université de Fribourg

Drosophila larvae establish appetitive olfactory memories via mushroom body neurons of embryonic origin

Pauls, Dennis ; Selcho, Mareike ; Gendre, Nanae ; Stocker, Reinhard F. ; Thum, Andreas S.

In: The Journal of Neuroscience, 2010, vol. 30, no. 32, p. 10655-10666

Insect mushroom bodies are required for diverse behavioral functions, including odor learning and memory. Using the numerically simple olfactory pathway of the Drosophila melanogaster larva, we provide evidence that the formation of appetitive olfactory associations relies on embryonic-born intrinsic mushroom body neurons (Kenyon cells). The participation of larval-born Kenyon cells, i.e.,...

Université de Fribourg

Electric shock-induced associative olfactory learning in Drosophila larvae

Pauls, Dennis ; Pfitzenmaier, Johanna E.R. ; Krebs-Wheaton, Rebecca ; Selcho, Mareike ; Stocker, Reinhard F. ; Thum, Andreas S.

In: Chemical Senses, 2010, vol. 35, no. 4, p. 335-346

Associative plasticity is a basic essential attribute of nervous systems. As shown by numerous reports, Drosophila is able to establish simple forms of appetitive and aversive olfactory associations at both larval and adult stages. Whereas most adult studies on aversive learning employed electric shock as a negative reinforcer, larval paradigms essentially utilized gustatory stimuli to...

Université de Fribourg

The olfactory pathway of adult and larval Drosophila: conservation or adaptation to stage-specific needs ?

Stocker, Reinhard F.

In: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2009, vol. 1170, p. 482 - 486

Tracing of olfactory projections based on odorant receptor expression has led to an almost complete receptor-to-glomerulus map in adult Drosophila. While most of the glomeruli may be involved in processing of food odors, others appear to be more specialized, for example, responding to CO₂ or to pheromonal cues. Recent studies have shed light on signal processing in the antennal lobe and in...