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Twenty years of European mountain permafrost dynamics—the PACE legacy

Etzelmüller, Bernd ; Guglielmin, Mauro ; Hauck, Christian ; Hilbich, Christin ; Hoelzle, Martin ; Isaksen, Ketil ; Noetzli, Jeanette ; Oliva, Marc ; Ramos, Miguel

In: Environmental Research Letters, 2020, vol. 15, no. 10, p. 104070

This paper reviews and analyses the past 20 years of change and variability of European mountain permafrost in response to climate change based on time series of ground temperatures along a south–north transect of deep boreholes from Sierra Nevada in Spain (37°N) to Svalbard (78°N), established between 1998 and 2000 during the EU-funded PACE (Permafrost and Climate in Europe) project. In...