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The Role of Clusters in the Global Innovation Strategy of MNEs : Theoretical Foundations and Evidence from the Basel Pharmaceutical Cluster

Gugler, Philippe ; Keller, Michael ; Tinguely, Xavier

In: Competitiveness Review, 2015, vol. 25, no. 3, p. 324-340

Purpose – This paper aims to focus on the role of clusters as home and host country- specific advantages for multinational enterprises (“MNEs”) in the organization of their internal and external networks to optimize the diffusion and generation of new knowledge. Strategic asset-seeking investment has been a major driver of the internalization of innovation activities performed by MNEs...