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Université de Fribourg

Strigolactones play an important role in shaping exodermal morphology via a KAI2-dependent pathway

Liu, Guowei ; Stirnemann, Marina ; Gübeli, Christian ; Egloff, Susanne ; Courty, Pierre-Emmanuel ; Aubry, Sylvain ; Vandenbussche, Michiel ; Morel, Patrice ; Reinhardt, Didier ; Martinoia, Enrico ; Borghi, Lorenzo

In: iScience, 2019, vol. 17, p. 144–154

The majority of land plants have two suberized root barriers: the endodermis and the hypodermis (exodermis). Both barriers bear non-suberized passage cells that are thought to regulate water and nutrient exchange between the root and the soil. We learned a lot about endodermal passage cells, whereas our knowledge on hypodermal passage cells (HPCs) is still very scarce. Here we report on...

Université de Fribourg

Role of the GRAS transcription factor ATA/RAM1 in the transcriptional reprogramming of arbuscular mycorrhiza in Petunia hybrida

Rich, Mélanie K. ; Courty, Pierre-Emmanuel ; Roux, Christophe ; Reinhardt, Didier

In: BMC Genomics, 2017, vol. 18, p. 589

Development of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) requires a fundamental reprogramming of root cells for symbiosis. This involves the induction of hundreds of genes in the host. A recently identified GRAS-type transcription factor in Petunia hybrida, ATA/RAM1, is required for the induction of host genes during AM, and for morphogenesis of the fungal endosymbiont. To better understand the role of RAM1...

Université de Fribourg

Mycorrhizal associations and trophic modes in coexisting orchids: an ecological continuum between auto- and mixotrophy

Jacquemyn, Hans ; Waud, Michael ; Brys, Rein ; Lallemand, Félix ; Courty, Pierre-Emmanuel ; Robionek, Alicja ; Selosse, Marc-André

In: Frontiers in Plant Science, 2017, vol. 8, p. -

Two distinct nutritional syndromes have been described in temperate green orchids. Most orchids form mycorrhizas with rhizoctonia fungi and are considered autotrophic. Some orchids, however, associate with fungi that simultaneously form ectomycorrhizas with surrounding trees and derive their carbon from these fungi. This evolutionarily derived condition has been called mixotrophy or partial...

Université de Fribourg

Diet of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: bread and butter ?

Rich, Mélanie K. ; Nouri, Eva ; Courty, Pierre-Emmanuel ; Reinhardt, Didier

In: Trends in Plant Science, 2017, vol. 22, no. 8, p. 652–660

Most plants entertain mutualistic interactions known as arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) with soil fungi (Glomeromycota) which provide them with mineral nutrients in exchange for reduced carbon from the plant. Mycorrhizal roots represent strong carbon sinks in which hexoses are transferred from the plant host to the fungus. However, most of the carbon in AM fungi is stored in the form of lipids....

Université de Fribourg

Benefits from living together? Clades whose species use similar habitats may persist as a result of eco-evolutionary feedbacks

Prinzing, Andreas ; Ozinga, Wim A. ; Brändle, Martin ; Courty, Pierre-Emmanuel ; Hennion, Françoise ; Labandeira, Conrad ; Parisod, Christian ; Pihain, Mickael ; Bartish, Igor V.

In: New Phytologist, 2017, vol. 213, no. 1, p. 66–82

Recent decades have seen declines of entire plant clades while other clades persist despite changing environments. We suggest that one reason why some clades persist is that species within these clades use similar habitats, because such similarity may increase the degree of co-occurrence of species within clades. Traditionally, co- occurrence among clade members has been suggested to be...

Université de Fribourg

Regulation of plants’ phosphate uptake in common mycorrhizal networks: Role of intraradical fungal phosphate transporters

Walder, Florian ; Boller, Thomas ; Wiemken, Andres ; Courty, Pierre-Emmanuel

In: Plant Signaling & Behavior, 2016, vol. 11, no. 2, p. e1131372

We have recently identified two genes coding for inorganic phosphate transporters (Pht) in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and flax (Linum usitatissimum) that were induced in roots colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Mycorrhizal acquisition of inorganic phosphorus (Pi) was strongly affected by the combination of plant and AM fungal species, but the expression level of these genes coding...