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The contribution of active and passive mechanisms of 5mC and 5hmC removal in human T lymphocytes is differentiation- and activation-dependent

Vincenzetti, Lucia ; Leoni, Cristina ; Chirichella, Michele ; Kwee, Ivo ; Monticelli, Silvia

In: European Journal of Immunology, 2019, p. 1-15

In mammals, the 5’-methylcytosine (5mC) modification in the genomic DNA contributes to the dynamic control of gene expression. 5mC erasure is required for the activation of developmental programs and occurs either by passive dilution through DNA replication, or by enzymatic oxidation of the methyl mark to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), which can persist as such or undergo further oxidation...