In: Endocrinology, 2014, vol. 155, no. 11, p. 4189–4201
Oxytocin has been suggested as a novel therapeutic against obesity, because it induces weight loss and improves glucose tolerance in diet-induced obese rodents. A recent clinical pilot study confirmed the oxytocin-induced weight-reducing effect in obese nondiabetic subjects. Nevertheless, the mechanisms involved and the impact on the main comorbidity associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes,...
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In: Acta Physiologica, 2014, p. -
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In: Obesity Reviews, 2014, vol. 15, no. 8, p. 640–656
The 12th Stock Conference addressed body composition and related functions in two extreme situations, obesity and cancer cachexia. The concept of ‘functional body composition’ integrates body components into regulatory systems relating the mass of organs and tissues to corresponding in vivo functions and metabolic processes. This concept adds to an understanding of organ/tissue mass and...
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In: British Journal of Nutrition, 2014, vol. 112, no. 2, p. 183-192
Overconsumption of sugar-sweetened beverages has been implicated in the pathogenesis of CVD. The objective of the present study was to elucidate acute haemodynamic and microcirculatory responses to the ingestion of sugary drinks made from sucrose, glucose or fructose at concentrations similar to those often found in commercial soft drinks. In a randomised cross-over study design, twelve young...
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In: Acta Physiologica, 2014, vol. 211, no. 2, p. 358–370
Aim: Drinking water induces short-term cardiovascular and metabolic changes. These effects are considered to be triggered by gastric distension and osmotic factors, but little is known about the influence of water temperature.Methods: We determined, in a randomized crossover study, the acute cardiovascular and metabolic responses to 500 mL of tap water at 3 °C (cold), 22 °C (room) and...
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In: European Journal of Nutrition, 2014, p. 1–11
Purpose: Energy drinks are beverages containing vasoactive metabolites, usually a combination of caffeine, taurine, glucuronolactone and sugars. There are concerns about the safety of energy drinks with some countries banning their sales. We determined the acute effects of a popular energy drink, Red Bull, on cardiovascular and hemodynamic variables, cerebrovascular parameters and...
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In: Clinical Nutrition, 2014, vol. 33, no. 1, p. 175–178
Background and aims: Energy expenditure (EE) during sitting is widely assumed to be higher than that while lying down, but supporting evidence is equivocal. Despite this, resting EE in the sitting position is often used as a proxy for basal metabolic rate. Here we investigate whether EE differs in the comfortable seated position compared to supine (lying) position.Methods: EE and respiratory...
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In: Obesity Facts, 2014, vol. 7, no. 1, p. 15–25
The concept of energy gap(s) is useful for understanding the consequence of a small daily, weekly, or monthly positive energy balance and the inconspicuous shift in weight gain ultimately leading to overweight and obesity. Energy gap is a dynamic concept: an initial positive energy gap incurred via an increase in energy intake (or a decrease in physical activity) is not constant, may fade out...
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In: Cahiers de Nutrition et de Diététique, 2013, vol. 48, no. 1, p. 15–25
Le titre d’un livre publié en 1983 ‘Dieting Makes You Fat’ – concrétise la notion que faire un régime pour contrôler son poids, et par conséquent l’effet yo-yo, prédispose l’individu à être encore plus gras. Alors que cette notion est controversée, son débat souligne le fossé qui existe dans notre compréhension des lois fondamentales de la physiologie qui gouvernent la...
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In: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2013, vol. 1302, no. 1, p. 1–10
The recent advancements in unraveling novel mechanisms that control the induction, (trans)differentiation, proliferation, and thermogenic activity and capacity of brown adipose tissue (BAT), together with the application of imaging techniques for human BAT visualization, have generated optimism that these advances will provide novel strategies for targeting BAT thermogenesis, leading to...
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