In: Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2009, vol. 284, no. 7, p. 4300-4307
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In: Current Biology, 2008, vol. 18, no. 9, p. 678-683
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In: BMC Molecular Biology, 2008, vol. 9, p. 41
Background: Circadian oscillation of clock-controlled gene expression is mainly regulated at the transcriptional level. Heterodimers of CLOCK and BMAL1 act as activators of target gene transcription; however, interactions of PER and CRY proteins with the heterodimer abolish its transcriptional activation capacity. PER and CRY are therefore referred to as negative regulators of the circadian...
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In: Circulation, 2007, vol. 115, p. 2188-2195
Background— The circadian clock regulates biological processes including cardiovascular function and metabolism. In the present study, we investigated the role of the circadian clock gene Period2 (Per2) in endothelial function in a mouse model. Methods and Results— Compared with the wild-type littermates, mice with Per2 mutation exhibited impaired...
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In: Nature Chemical Biology, 2007, vol. 3, p. 139 - 140
The circadian clock runs with a period of about 24 h and therefore allows mammals to predict sunrise at the cellular level. Phosphorylation of the clock protein period 2 influences this process by varying the clock’s period length.
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In: Current Biology, 2006, vol. 16, no. 20, p. 2016-2022
Predicting time of food availability is key for survival in most animals. Under restricted feeding conditions, this prediction is manifested in anticipatory bouts of locomotor activity and body temperature. This process seems to be driven by a food-entrainable oscillator independent of the main, light-entrainable clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus 1 and 2....
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In: Psychopharmacology, 2007, vol. 190, no. 1, p. 13-19
Rationale Alcohol consumption shows circadian rhythmicity, i.e., alcohol preference and intake change with circadian time. Circadian rhythmicity is controlled by a biological clock, which has been shown to govern behavioral, physiological, and hormonal processes in synchronization with internal as well as external cues. Molecular components of the clock include circadian clock genes such as...
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In: The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2006, vol. 281, no. 23, p. 15671–15679
Synaptic strength depends on the amount of neurotransmitter stored in synaptic vesicles. The vesicular transmitter content has recently been shown to be directly dependent on the expression levels of vesicular neurotransmitter transporters indicating that the transport capacity of synaptic vesicles is a critical determinant for synaptic efficacy. Using synaptic vesicles prepared from whole brain...
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In: Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology, 2006, vol. 192, no. 7, p. 769-775
Biological clocks have evolved in all kinds of organisms in order to anticipate and adjust to the daily light–dark cycle. Within the last decade, the molecular machinery underlying the circadian system was unraveled. In the present study, the impact of the loss of the Per1 or Per2 genes, key components of the core clock oscillator, on body mass, food and water intake, glucose...
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In: Journal of Biological Rhythms, 2004, vol. 19 (6), p. 518-529
The phase-resetting properties of the circadian system in mice with a functional deletion in mCry1, mCry2, mPer1, or mPer2 were studied in 2 experiments. In experiment 1, mCry1-/- and mCry2-/- mice as well as mPer1Brdm1 and mPer2Brdm1 mutant mice were exposed to 15-min light pulses during the 1st cycle following entrainment, either early (external time [ExT] 20) or late (ExT 4) in the subjective...
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