In: Revue suisse des sciences de l'éducation, 2109, vol. 41, no. 3, p. 708-724
Cet article se base sur l’analyse de contenu d’une centaine de textes législatifs et règlementaires produits entre 1900 et 2015 par l’institution scolaire du canton de Fribourg. Il met en évidence différents événements révélateurs de la manière dont la question des élèves considérés comme troublés et/ou handicapés a été gérée au fil du temps. Il montre notamment la...
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In: Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Heilpädagogik, 2010, p. 41-46
Für die Pädagogik stellt sich die Frage, an welchen Leitlinien sich Lehrerinnen und Lehrer angesichts der Vielfalt in den Schulzimmern orientieren können. An der Pädagogischen Hochschule Freiburg (Schweiz) haben wir für die Grundausbildung eine «Kritische Pädagogik der Vielfalt» konzipiert. Dabei handelt es sich um eine sozialtheoretisch gestützte Pädagogik der Vielfalt, die bewusst das...
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In: 4- bis 12-Jährige : Ihre schulischen und ausserschulischen Lern- und Lebenswelten, 2013, p. 78-86
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In: The Wonders of Nanotechnology: Quantum and Optoelectronic Devices and Applications (chapter 12), 2013, p. 261-287
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In: Optics Letters, 2013, vol. 38, no. 23, p. 5079-5082
We report on a technique for frequency noise reduction and linewidth-narrowing of a distributed-feedback mid-IR quantum cascade laser (QCL) that does not involve any optical frequency reference. The voltage fluctuations across the QCL are sensed, amplified and fed back to the temperature of the QCL at a fast rate using a near-IR laser illuminating the top of the QCL chip. A locking bandwidth of...
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In: Science, 2002, vol. 295, no. 5553, p. 301-305
Continuous wave operation of quantum cascade lasers is reported up to a temperature of 312 kelvin. The devices were fabricated as buried heterostructure lasers with high-reflection coatings on both laser facets, resulting in continuous wave operation with optical output power ranging from 17 milliwatts at 292 kelvin to 3 milliwatts at 312 kelvin, at an emission wavelength of 9.1 micrometers. The...
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In: Applied Physics Letters, 2013, vol. 103, no. 3, p. 1-5
We report on the wavelength tuning dynamics in continuous-wave distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers (QCLs). The wavelength tuning response for direct current modulation of two mid-IR QCLs from different suppliers was measured from 10 Hz up to several MHz using ro-vibrational molecular resonances as frequency-to-intensity converters. Unlike the output intensity, which can be modulated up...
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In: Applied Physics B : Lasers and optics, 2012, vol. 109, no. 3, p. 407-414
We report on the measurement of the frequency noise properties of a 4.6-μm distributed-feedback quantum-cascade laser (QCL) operating in continuous wave near room temperature using a spectroscopic set-up. The flank of the R(14) ro-vibrational absorption line of carbon monoxide at 2196.6cm−1 is used to convert the frequency fluctuations of the laser into intensity fluctuations that...
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In: Optics Express, 2012, vol. 20, no. 7, p. 6851-6859
We report on the measurement of the frequency noise power spectral density in a distributed feedback quantum cascade laser over a wide temperature range, from 128 K to 303 K. As a function of the device temperature, we show that the frequency noise behavior is characterized by two different regimes separated by a steep transition at ≈200 K. While the frequency noise is nearly unchanged ~200 K,...
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In: Applied Physics Letters, 2011, vol. 98, no. 241101, p. 1-3
We demonstrate the effect of rapid thermal annealing on heavily Si-doped AlN/GaN quantum wells. After 1000 °C annealing during 5, 10, and 20 min, the dominant effect was interdiffusion of Si rather than intermixing between the Al and Ga atoms. Both their original value and the magnitude of the changes after annealing reveal that intersubband absorption and photovoltage are related to two...
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