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Prochloraz causes irreversible masculinization of zebrafish ( Danio rerio )

Baumann, Lisa ; Knörr, Susanne ; Keiter, Susanne ; Nagel, Tina ; Segner, Helmut ; Braunbeck, Thomas

In: Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2015, vol. 22, no. 21, p. 16417-16422

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    Title
    • Prochloraz causes irreversible masculinization of zebrafish ( Danio rerio )
    Author
    • Baumann, Lisa. Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, PO Box 8466, CH-3001, Bern, Switzerland
    • Knörr, Susanne. Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
    • Keiter, Susanne. Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
    • Nagel, Tina. Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
    • Segner, Helmut. Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, PO Box 8466, CH-3001, Bern, Switzerland
    • Braunbeck, Thomas. Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Section, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 504, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
    Document Type
    • Postprint
    Language
    • English
    Published in
    • Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2015, vol. 22, no. 21, p. 16417-16422. Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Other Version
    OAI-PMH Identifier
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:331825
    Summary
    The aim of the present study was to investigate the persistence of endocrine effects by prochloraz, a fungicide known to have multiple effects on the endocrine system of vertebrates. Since discontinuous exposure is particularly relevant in aquatic ecosystems, an exposure scenario with an exposure phase and a subsequent recovery period was chosen to assess the potential for reversibility of effects by prochloraz on the sexual development of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Zebrafish were exposed to different concentrations of prochloraz (10-300μg/L) until 60days post hatch (dph), which includes the period of sexual differentiation. For the subsequent 40days, fish were either held in clean water for depuration or under further continuous exposure. Histological investigations of the gonads revealed persistent effects on sexual differentiation. The sex ratio was skewed towards males and significantly more intersex individuals were found after exposure to prochloraz at 60dph. No intersex fish, but masculinized sex ratios were still present after the depuration period, documenting that prochloraz irreversibly affects the sexual development of zebrafish.