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Childhood cancer and residential exposure to highways: a nationwide cohort study

Spycher, Ben ; Feller, Martin ; Röösli, Martin ; Ammann, Roland ; Diezi, Manuel ; Egger, Matthias ; Kuehni, Claudia

In: European Journal of Epidemiology, 2015, vol. 30, no. 12, p. 1263-1275

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    Titre
    • Childhood cancer and residential exposure to highways: a nationwide cohort study
    Auteur
    • Spycher, Ben. Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Finkenhubelweg 11, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
    • Feller, Martin. Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Finkenhubelweg 11, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
    • Röösli, Martin. Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
    • Ammann, Roland. Department of Paediatrics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
    • Diezi, Manuel. Paediatric Hemato-Oncology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
    • Egger, Matthias. Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Finkenhubelweg 11, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
    • Kuehni, Claudia. Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Finkenhubelweg 11, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
    Type de document
    • Postprint
    Langue
    • Anglais
    Publié dans
    • European Journal of Epidemiology, 2015, vol. 30, no. 12, p. 1263-1275. Springer Netherlands
    Autre version électronique
    Identifiant OAI-PMH
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:331681
    Summary
    Children living near highways are exposed to higher concentrations of traffic-related carcinogenic pollutants. Several studies reported an increased risk of childhood cancer associated with traffic exposure, but the published evidence is inconclusive. We investigated whether cancer risk is associated with proximity of residence to highways in a nation-wide cohort study including all children aged <16years from Swiss national censuses in 1990 and 2000. Cancer incidence was investigated in time to event analyses (1990-2008) using Cox proportional hazards models and incidence density analyses (1985-2008) using Poisson regression. Adjustments were made for socio-economic factors, ionising background radiation and electromagnetic fields. In time to event analysis based on 532 cases the adjusted hazard ratio for leukaemia comparing children living <100m from a highway with unexposed children (≥500m) was 1.43 (95% CI 0.79, 2.61). Results were similar in incidence density analysis including 1367 leukaemia cases (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.57; 95% CI 1.09, 2.25). Associations were similar for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (IRR 1.64; 95% CI 1.10, 2.43) and stronger for leukaemia in children aged <5years (IRR 1.92; 95% CI 1.22, 3.04). Little evidence of association was found for other tumours. Our study suggests that young children living close to highways are at increased risk of developing leukaemia.