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Xylosandrus germanus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) Occurrence, Fungal Associations, and Management Trials in New York Apple Orchards

Agnello, Arthur M. ; Breth, Deborah I. ; Tee, Elizabeth M. ; Cox, Kerik D. ; Villani, Sara M. ; Ayer, Katrin M. ; Wallis, Anna E. ; Donahue, Daniel J. ; Combs, David B. ; Davis, Abagail E. ; Neal, Joshua A. ; English-Loeb, Forrest M.

In: Journal of Economic Entomology, 2017, vol. 110, no. 5, p. 2149-2164

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    Titre
    • Xylosandrus germanus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) Occurrence, Fungal Associations, and Management Trials in New York Apple Orchards
    Auteur
    • Agnello, Arthur M.. Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, 630 W. North St, Geneva, NY, 14456 (ama4@cornell.edu; dbc10@cornell.edu; abagailelizabethdavis@gmail.com; joshuaandrewneal@gmail.com; engl5970@fredonia.edu)
    • Breth, Deborah I.. Cornell Cooperative Extension, Lake Ontario Fruit Program, 12690 Rt. 31, Albion, NY 14411, (dib1@cornell.edu; emt44@cornell.edu)
    • Tee, Elizabeth M.. Cornell Cooperative Extension, Lake Ontario Fruit Program, 12690 Rt. 31, Albion, NY 14411, (dib1@cornell.edu; emt44@cornell.edu)
    • Cox, Kerik D.. Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, 630 W. North St, Geneva, NY 14456, (kdc33@cornell.edu; kma86@cornell.edu)
    • Villani, Sara M.. Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center, 455 Research Drive, Mills River, NC 28759 (smvillan@ncsu.edu)
    • Ayer, Katrin M.. Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, 630 W. North St, Geneva, NY 14456, (kdc33@cornell.edu; kma86@cornell.edu)
    • Wallis, Anna E.. Cornell Cooperative Extension, Eastern New York Commercial Horticulture Program, 6064 State Rt. 22, Plattsburgh, NY 12901, (aew232@cornell.edu)
    • Donahue, Daniel J.. Cornell Cooperative Extension, Eastern New York Commercial Horticulture Program, 3357 State Rt. 9W, Highland, NY 12528, P.O. Box 727, (djd13@cornell.edu)
    • Combs, David B.. Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, 630 W. North St, Geneva, NY, 14456 (ama4@cornell.edu; dbc10@cornell.edu; abagailelizabethdavis@gmail.com; joshuaandrewneal@gmail.com; engl5970@fredonia.edu)
    • Davis, Abagail E.. Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, 630 W. North St, Geneva, NY, 14456 (ama4@cornell.edu; dbc10@cornell.edu; abagailelizabethdavis@gmail.com; joshuaandrewneal@gmail.com; engl5970@fredonia.edu)
    • Neal, Joshua A.. Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, 630 W. North St, Geneva, NY, 14456 (ama4@cornell.edu; dbc10@cornell.edu; abagailelizabethdavis@gmail.com; joshuaandrewneal@gmail.com; engl5970@fredonia.edu)
    • English-Loeb, Forrest M.. Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, 630 W. North St, Geneva, NY, 14456 (ama4@cornell.edu; dbc10@cornell.edu; abagailelizabethdavis@gmail.com; joshuaandrewneal@gmail.com; engl5970@fredonia.edu)
    Type de document
    • Postprint
    Langue
    • Inglese
    Publié dans
    • Journal of Economic Entomology, 2017, vol. 110, no. 5, p. 2149-2164. Oxford University Press
    Autre version électronique
    Identifiant OAI-PMH
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:331512
    Summary
    Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford) has caused increasing damage in high-density New York apple orchards since 2013, resulting in tree decline and death. We documented their occurrence and timing in > 50 orchards using ethanol-baited traps from 2014 to 2016. First captures ranged from 48 to 83 degree days (base 10 °C) from 1 January. Captures were numerically higher at the orchard-woods interface than within the orchard interior, but differences were not significant in locations with lower populations. Control using insecticide trunk sprays was tested in potted, waterlogged apple trees placed in orchards and nurseries, and inside wooded areas adjacent to orchards. A verbenone repellent was used in combination with trunk sprays to improve control. Overall, insecticide sprays were inconsistent and marginal in preventing new infestations. Chlorpyrifos significantly reduced infestations versus lambda-cyhalothrin and untreated trees at one location in the 2015 orchard trials, and versus untreated trees at one location in the 2016 nursery trials, but otherwise performed no better than other treatments. The addition of verbenone to either the check or permethrin treatments resulted in significantly fewer attack sites containing brood at one orchard site in 2016. Chlorpyrifos, lambda-cyhalothrin, and permethrin significantly reduced the number of attack sites containing adults compared with untreated trees at one nursery trial location in 2016, but were otherwise ineffective in reducing numbers of trees in other locations and infestation categories. We found several fungal and bacterial species associated with X. germanus and its infestation of apples. These microbes likely play a minimal role in apple decline.