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Comparative Effects of Methylphenidate, Modafinil, and MDMA on Response Inhibition Neural Networks in Healthy Subjects

Schmidt, André ; Müller, Felix ; Dolder, Patrick C. ; Schmid, Yasmin ; Zanchi, Davide ; Liechti, Matthias E. ; Borgwardt, Stefan

In: International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2017, vol. 20, no. 9, p. 712-720

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    Titre
    • Comparative Effects of Methylphenidate, Modafinil, and MDMA on Response Inhibition Neural Networks in Healthy Subjects
    Auteur
    • Schmidt, André. Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Dr Schmidt, Dr Müller, Mr Zanchi, and Dr Borgwardt); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Basel and Department of Biomedicine and Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Mr Dolder, Dr Schmid, and Dr Liechti).
    • Müller, Felix. Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Dr Schmidt, Dr Müller, Mr Zanchi, and Dr Borgwardt); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Basel and Department of Biomedicine and Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Mr Dolder, Dr Schmid, and Dr Liechti).
    • Dolder, Patrick C.. Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Dr Schmidt, Dr Müller, Mr Zanchi, and Dr Borgwardt); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Basel and Department of Biomedicine and Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Mr Dolder, Dr Schmid, and Dr Liechti).
    • Schmid, Yasmin. Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Dr Schmidt, Dr Müller, Mr Zanchi, and Dr Borgwardt); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Basel and Department of Biomedicine and Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Mr Dolder, Dr Schmid, and Dr Liechti).
    • Zanchi, Davide. Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Dr Schmidt, Dr Müller, Mr Zanchi, and Dr Borgwardt); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Basel and Department of Biomedicine and Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Mr Dolder, Dr Schmid, and Dr Liechti).
    • Liechti, Matthias E.. Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Dr Schmidt, Dr Müller, Mr Zanchi, and Dr Borgwardt); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Basel and Department of Biomedicine and Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Mr Dolder, Dr Schmid, and Dr Liechti).
    • Borgwardt, Stefan. Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Dr Schmidt, Dr Müller, Mr Zanchi, and Dr Borgwardt); Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Basel and Department of Biomedicine and Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Mr Dolder, Dr Schmid, and Dr Liechti).
    Type de document
    • Postprint
    Langue
    • Anglais
    Publié dans
    • International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2017, vol. 20, no. 9, p. 712-720. Oxford University Press
    Autre version électronique
    Identifiant OAI-PMH
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:331206
    Summary
    Abstract Background Psychostimulants such as methylphenidate and modafinil are increasingly used by healthy people for cognitive enhancement purposes, whereas the acute effect of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) on cognitive functioning in healthy subjects remains unclear. This study directly compared the acute effects of methylphenidate, modafinil, and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on the neural mechanisms underlying response inhibition in healthy subjects. Methods Using a double-blind, within-subject, placebo-controlled, cross-over design, methylphenidate, modafinil, and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine were administrated to 21 healthy subjects while performing a go/no-go event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging task to assess brain activation during motor response inhibition. Results Relative to placebo, methylphenidate and modafinil but not 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine improved inhibitory performance. Methylphenidate significantly increased activation in the right middle frontal gyrus, middle/superior temporal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, presupplementary motor area, and anterior cingulate cortex compared with placebo. Methylphenidate also induced significantly higher activation in the anterior cingulate cortex and presupplementary motor area and relative to modafinil. Relative to placebo, modafinil significantly increased activation in the right middle frontal gyrus and superior/inferior parietal lobule, while 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine significantly increased activation in the right middle/inferior frontal gyrus and superior parietal lobule. Conclusions Direct comparison of methylphenidate, modafinil, and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine revealed broad recruitment of fronto-parietal regions but specific effects of methylphenidate on middle/superior temporal gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex, and presupplementary motor area activation, suggesting dissociable modulations of response inhibition networks and potentially the superiority of methylphenidate in the enhancement of cognitive performance in healthy subjects.