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Involvement of Dietary Fatty Acids in Multiple Biological and Psychological Functions, in Morbidly Obese Subjects

Chalut-Carpentier, Anne ; Pataky, Zoltan ; Golay, Alain ; Bobbioni-Harsch, Elisabetta

In: Obesity Surgery, 2015, vol. 25, no. 6, p. 1031-1038

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    Titre
    • Involvement of Dietary Fatty Acids in Multiple Biological and Psychological Functions, in Morbidly Obese Subjects
    Auteur
    • Chalut-Carpentier, Anne. Service of Therapeutic Education for Chronic Diseases, WHO Collaborating Centre, University Hospitals of Geneva, Gabrielle Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland
    • Pataky, Zoltan. Service of Therapeutic Education for Chronic Diseases, WHO Collaborating Centre, University Hospitals of Geneva, Gabrielle Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland
    • Golay, Alain. Service of Therapeutic Education for Chronic Diseases, WHO Collaborating Centre, University Hospitals of Geneva, Gabrielle Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland
    • Bobbioni-Harsch, Elisabetta. Service of Therapeutic Education for Chronic Diseases, WHO Collaborating Centre, University Hospitals of Geneva, Gabrielle Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland
    Type de document
    • Postprint
    Langue
    • Inglese
    Publié dans
    • Obesity Surgery, 2015, vol. 25, no. 6, p. 1031-1038. Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com
    Autre version électronique
    Identifiant OAI-PMH
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:331002
    Summary
    Background: Fatty acid (FA) profile is often altered, in morbidly obese subjects, both before and after bariatric surgery. We measured FA plasma levels before and 6months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), in order to evaluate their relationship with different biological and psychological parameters and the impact of RYGB on the FA plasma levels. Methods: Thirty eight morbidly obese patients were investigated before RYGB, and 28 of them were reexamined 6months postoperatively. Anxiety, depression, and quality of life were evaluated by validated questionnaires. Plasma FA (saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated ω-6 and ω-3), vitamins A and E, fasting insulinemia, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured. Results: Before surgery, ω-3 polyunsaturated FA and vit A showed significant negative relationship with fasting insulinemia (γ-linolenic p = 0.03, eicosapentaenoic, vit A p = 0.01) and hs-CRP (eicosapentaenoic p = 0.03, vit A p = 0.02) and a positive link with HDL cholesterol (γ-linolenic p = 0.03, vit A p = 0.02). Depression score was significantly and negatively linked with palmitoleic (p = 0.03), γ-linolenic (p = 0.006), dihomo-γ-linolenic (p = 0.02), and α-linolenic (p = 0.03) acids. After surgery, FA and both vit A and E were significantly reduced. Vit A levels were below 2.4μmol/l in 63% of the patients, preoperatively, and in 79% after surgery. Preoperative levels of linoleic acid were significantly related with the postoperative weight reduction (p = 0.0006). Conclusions: FA are involved in several biological and psychological functions. The RYGB-induced reduction of FA could have deleterious consequences on vitamin absorption, metabolism, and depression. Thus, the surveillance of FA levels is of primary importance both before and after RYGB.