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Gingival fluid cytokine expression and subgingival bacterial counts during pregnancy and postpartum: a case series

Bieri, Regina ; Adriaens, Laurence ; Spörri, Stefan ; Lang, Niklaus ; Persson, G.

In: Clinical Oral Investigations, 2013, vol. 17, no. 1, p. 19-28

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    Titel
    • Gingival fluid cytokine expression and subgingival bacterial counts during pregnancy and postpartum: a case series
    Autor
    • Bieri, Regina. Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
    • Adriaens, Laurence. Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
    • Spörri, Stefan. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
    • Lang, Niklaus. Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
    • Persson, G.. Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
    Dokumententyp
    • Postprint
    Sprache
    • Englisch
    Veröffentlicht in
    • Clinical Oral Investigations, 2013, vol. 17, no. 1, p. 19-28. Springer-Verlag
    Andere elektronische Ausgabe
    OAI-PMH-ID
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:310920
    Summary
    Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess gingival fluid (GCF) cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) levels, subgingival bacteria, and clinical periodontal conditions during a normal pregnancy to postpartum. Materials and methods: Subgingival bacterial samples were analyzed with the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method. GCF samples were assessed with real-time PCR including five proinflammatory cytokines and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor. Results: Nineteen pregnant women with a mean age of 32years (S.D. ± 4years, range 26-42) participated in the study. Full-mouth bleeding scores (BOP) decreased from an average of 41.2% (S.D. ± 18.6%) at the 12th week of pregnancy to 26.6% (S.D. ± 14.4%) at the 4-6weeks postpartum (p < 0.001). Between week 12 and 4-6weeks postpartum, the mean probing pocket depth changed from 2.4mm (S.D. ± 0.4) to 2.3mm (S.D. ± 0.3) (p = 0.34). Higher counts of Eubacterium saburreum, Parvimonas micra, Selenomonas noxia, and Staphylococcus aureus were found at week 12 of pregnancy than at the 4-6weeks postpartum examinations (p < 0.001). During and after pregnancy, statistically significant correlations between BOP scores and bacterial counts were observed. BOP scores and GCF levels of selected cytokines were not related to each other and no differences in GCF levels of the cytokines were observed between samples from the 12th week of pregnancy to 4-6weeks postpartum. Decreasing postpartum counts of Porphyromonas endodontalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were associated with decreasing levels of Il-8 and Il-1β. Conclusions: BOP decreased after pregnancy without any active periodontal therapy. Associations between bacterial counts and cytokine levels varied greatly in pregnant women with gingivitis and a normal pregnancy outcome. Postpartum associations between GCF cytokines and bacterial counts were more consistent. Clinical relevance: Combined assessments of gingival fluid cytokines and subgingival bacteria may provide important information on host response