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Lifetime Exposure to Adverse Events and Reinforcement Sensitivity in Obsessive-Compulsive Prone Individuals

Ceschi, Grazia ; Hearn, Melissa ; Billieux, Joël ; Linden, Martial Van der

In: Behaviour Change, 2011, vol. 28, no. 2, p. 75-86

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    Titel
    • Lifetime Exposure to Adverse Events and Reinforcement Sensitivity in Obsessive-Compulsive Prone Individuals
    Autor
    • Ceschi, Grazia. Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland. grazia.ceschi@unige.ch
    • Hearn, Melissa. Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
    • Billieux, Joël. Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
    • Linden, Martial Van der. Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Cognitive Psychopathology Unit, University of Liège, Belgium.
    Dokumententyp
    • Postprint
    Sprache
    • Englisch
    Veröffentlicht in
    • Behaviour Change, 2011, vol. 28, no. 2, p. 75-86. Cambridge University Press
    Andere elektronische Ausgabe
    OAI-PMH-ID
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:293481
    Summary
    A diathesis-stress perspective of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) predicts that exposure to adverse events and personality dispositions jointly influence OCS. Gray and McNaughton's (2000) model of personality posits that, faced with challenging circumstances, individuals with a high sensitivity to punishment (SP) will be more prone to OCS because they cannot avoid the downward spiral into anxiety. The current study investigates OCS severity in relation to lifetime exposure to adverse events (AE), SP, and sensitivity to reward (SR) in 122 nonclinical adults. The results indicate that OCS severity is predicted by AE, SP and SR. Interestingly, the impact of adverse experiences is moderated by SR and not SP. These findings suggest that: (1) exposure to adverse events and SP are independent OCS risk factors, and (2) exposure to adverse events is more critical for reward dependent people. This is discussed in light of responsibility and ‘not just right experiences' in OCS, along with the role of impulsivity in the obsessive-compulsive disorder spectrum