Fulltext

All-cause mortality in treated HIV-infected adults with CD4 ≥500/mm3 compared with the general population: evidence from a large European observational cohort collaboration

Lewden, Charlotte ; Bouteloup, Vincent ; De Wit, Stéphane ; Sabin, Caroline ; Mocroft, Amanda ; Wasmuth, Jan Christian ; van Sighem, Ard ; Kirk, Ole ; Obel, Niels ; Panos, George ; Ghosn, Jade ; Dabis, François ; Mary-Krause, Murielle ; Leport, Catherine ; Perez-Hoyos, Santiago ; Sobrino-Vegas, Paz ; Stephan, Christoph ; Castagna, Antonella ; Antinori, Andrea ; d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella ; Torti, Carlo ; Mussini, Cristina ; Isern, Virginia ; Calmy, Alexandra ; Teira, Ramón ; Egger, Matthias ; Grarup, Jesper ; Chêne, Geneviève

In: International Journal of Epidemiology, 2012, vol. 41, no. 2, p. 433-445

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    Titel
    • All-cause mortality in treated HIV-infected adults with CD4 ≥500/mm3 compared with the general population: evidence from a large European observational cohort collaboration
    Autor
    • Lewden, Charlotte. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Bouteloup, Vincent. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • De Wit, Stéphane. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Sabin, Caroline. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Mocroft, Amanda. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Wasmuth, Jan Christian. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • van Sighem, Ard. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Kirk, Ole. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Obel, Niels. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Panos, George. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Ghosn, Jade. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Dabis, François. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Mary-Krause, Murielle. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Leport, Catherine. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Perez-Hoyos, Santiago. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Sobrino-Vegas, Paz. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Stephan, Christoph. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Castagna, Antonella. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Antinori, Andrea. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Torti, Carlo. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Mussini, Cristina. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Isern, Virginia. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Calmy, Alexandra. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Teira, Ramón. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Egger, Matthias. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Grarup, Jesper. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    • Chêne, Geneviève. INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, St Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, 3Research Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK, 4Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, 7Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 8Department of Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Patras University General Hospital & 1st IKA General Hospital, Patras, Achaia, Greece, 9Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, APHP, Bicetre University Hospital, Kremlin Bicetre, France, 10INSERM, U943, Paris, France, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S943, Paris, France, 11INSERM, UMR-S 738, UFR Médecine, site Bichat, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 7, Unité de Coordination du Risque Epidémique et Biologique, APHP, Paris, France, 12Methodological Support Unit on Biomedical Research (USMIB), Vall Hebrón Hospital Research Institut (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain, 13Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 14Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, HIVCENTER, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Medical Center, Frankfurt, Germany, 15Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 16Clinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani”, IRCCS, Rome, Italy, 17Dipartimento di Medicina, Clinica di Malattie Infettive e Tropicali, Chirurgia e Odontoiatria, Polo Universitario-Azienda ospedaliera San Paolo, Milano, Italia, 18Infectious Diseases Department - HIV/AIDS Unit, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 19Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Policlinico, Modena, Italy, 20Center for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/AIDS of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Barcelona, Spain, 21Infectious Diseases Department, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, 22Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sierrallana Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain, 23University of Bern, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland and 24Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, CHIP, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
    Dokumententyp
    • Postprint
    Sprache
    • Englisch
    Veröffentlicht in
    • International Journal of Epidemiology, 2012, vol. 41, no. 2, p. 433-445. Oxford University Press
    Andere elektronische Ausgabe
    OAI-PMH-ID
    • oai:doc.rero.ch:292309
    Summary
    Background Using data from a large European collaborative study, we aimed to identify the circumstances in which treated HIV-infected individuals will experience similar mortality rates to those of the general population. Methods Adults were eligible if they initiated combination anti-retroviral treatment (cART) between 1998 and 2008 and had one prior CD4 measurement within 6 months. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and excess mortality rates compared with the general population were estimated using Poisson regression. Periods of follow-up were classified according to the current CD4 count. Results Of the 80 642 individuals, 70% were men, 16% were injecting drug users (IDUs), the median age was 37 years, median CD4 count 225/mm3 at cART initiation and median follow-up was 3.5 years. The overall mortality rate was 1.2/100 person-years (PY) (men: 1.3, women: 0.9), 4.2 times as high as that in the general population (SMR for men: 3.8, for women: 7.4). Among 35 316 individuals with a CD4 count ≥500/mm3, the mortality rate was 0.37/100 PY (SMR 1.5); mortality rates were similar to those of the general population in non-IDU men [SMR 0.9, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.7-1.3] and, after 3 years, in women (SMR 1.1, 95% CI 0.7-1.7). Mortality rates in IDUs remained elevated, though a trend to decrease with longer durations with high CD4 count was seen. A prior AIDS diagnosis was associated with higher mortality. Conclusions Mortality patterns in most non-IDU HIV-infected individuals with high CD4 counts on cART are similar to those in the general population. The persistent role of a prior AIDS diagnosis underlines the importance of early diagnosis of HIV infection