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Involvement of long non-coding RNAs in beta cell failure at the onset of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice

Motterle, Anna ; Gattesco, Sonia ; Caille, Dorothée ; Meda, Paolo ; Regazzi, Romano

In: Diabetologia, 2015, vol. 58, no. 8, p. 1827-1835

Neutralization and clearance of GM-CSF by autoantibodies in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

Piccoli, Luca ; Campo, Ilaria ; Fregni, Chiara Silacci ; Fernandez Rodriguez, Blanca Maria ; Minola, Andrea ; Sallusto, Federica ; Luisetti, Maurizio ; Corti, Davide ; Lanzavecchia, Antonio

In: Nature communications, 2015, vol. 6, p. 7375

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a severe autoimmune disease caused by autoantibodies that neutralize GM-CSF resulting in impaired function of alveolar macrophages. In this study, we characterize 21 GM-CSF autoantibodies from PAP patients and find that somatic mutations critically determine their specificity for the self-antigen. Individual antibodies only partially neutralize GM-CSF...

Chemokines : chemistry, biochemistry and biological function

Legler, Daniel F. ; Thelen, Marcus

In: Chimia : International journal for chemistry, 2016, vol. 70, no. 12, p. 856-859

The in vitro synthesis of correctly folded functional proteins remains challenging. Chemokines, which consist of only 70–100 amino acids, are accessible through solid- phase synthesis and easily fold into a thermally stable tertiary structure. From the time of their discovery in the late 1980s chemokines could therefore be synthesized using biochemical and chemical protocols for...