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Université de Fribourg

Arginase-II promotes tumor necrosis Factor-α release from pancreatic acinar cells causing β-cell apoptosis in aging

Xiong, Yuyan ; Yepuri, Gautham ; Necetin, Sevil ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Ming, Xiu-Fen ; Yang, Zhihong

In: Diabetes, 2017, vol. 66, no. 6, p. 1636–1649

Aging is associated with glucose intolerance. Arginase-II (Arg-II), the type-II L-arginine- ureahydrolase, is highly expressed in pancreas. However, its role in regulation of pancreatic β-cell function is not known. Here we show that female (not male) mice deficient in Arg-II (Arg-II−/−) are protected from age-associated glucose intolerance and reveal greater glucose induced-insulin...

Université de Fribourg

Standing economy: does the heterogeneity in the energy cost of posture maintenance reside in differential patterns of spontaneous weight-shifting?

Miles-Chan, Jennifer L. ; Fares, Elie-Jacques ; Berkachy, Redina ; Jacquet, Philippe ; Isacco, Laurie ; Schutz, Yves ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Dulloo, Abdul G.

In: European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2017, vol. 117, no. 4, p. 795–807

Due to sedentarity-associated disease risks, there is much interest in methods to increase low-intensity physical activity. In this context, it is widely assumed that altering posture allocation can modify energy expenditure (EE) to impact body-weight regulation and health. However, we have recently shown the existence of two distinct phenotypes pertaining to the energy cost of...

Université de Fribourg

Reliability of low‐power cycling efficiency in energy expenditure phenotyping of inactive men and women

Fares, Elie-Jacques ; Isacco, Laurie ; Monnard, Cathriona R. ; Miles-Chan, Jennifer L. ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Schutz, Yves ; Dulloo, Abdul G.

In: Physiological Reports, 2017, vol. 5, no. 9, p. e13233

Standardized approaches to assess human energy expenditure (EE) are well defined at rest and at moderate to high‐intensity exercise, but not at light intensity physical activities energetically comparable with those of daily life (i.e., 1.5–4 times the resting EE, i.e., 1.5–4 METs). Our aim was to validate a graded exercise test for assessing the energy cost of low‐intensity dynamic...

Université de Fribourg

Nutrition, movement and sleep behaviours: their interactions in pathways to obesity and cardiometabolic diseases

Dulloo, Abdul G. ; Miles-Chan, Jennifer L. ; Montani, Jean-Pierre

In: Obesity Reviews, 2017, vol. 18, no. S1, p. 3–6

Among the multitude of dietary and lifestyle behaviours that have been proposed to contribute to the obesity epidemic, those that have generated considerable research scrutiny in the past decade are centred upon sleep behaviours, sedentary behaviours (sitting or lying while awake) and diminished low-level physical activities of everyday life, with each category of behaviours apparently...

Université de Fribourg

Isometric thermogenesis at rest and during movement: a neglected variable in energy expenditure and obesity predisposition

Dulloo, Abdul G. ; Miles-Chan, Jennifer L. ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Schutz, Yves

In: Obesity Reviews, 2017, vol. 18, no. S1, p. 56–64

Isometric thermogenesis as applied to human energy expenditure refers to heat production resulting from increased muscle tension. While most physical activities consist of both dynamic and static (isometric) muscle actions, the isometric component is very often essential for the optimal performance of dynamic work given its role in coordinating posture during standing, walking and most...

Université de Fribourg

Genetic targeting of arginase-ii in mouse prevents renal oxidative stress and inflammation in diet-induced obesity

Huang, Ji ; Rajapakse, Angana ; Xiong, Yuyan ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Verrey, François ; Ming, Xiu-Fen ; Yang, Zhihong

In: Frontiers in Physiology, 2016, vol. 7, p. -

Obesity is associated with development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recent evidence demonstrates that enhanced levels of the L- arginine:ureahydrolase, including the two isoenzymes arginase-I (Arg-I) and arginase- II (Arg-II) in vascular endothelial cells promote uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), leading to increased superoxide radical anion and...

Université de Fribourg

Body composition-derived BMI cut-offs for overweight and obesity in Indians and Creoles of Mauritius: comparison with Caucasians

Hunma, S ; Ramuth, H ; Miles-Chan, Jennifer L. ; Schutz, Yves ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Joonas, N ; Dulloo, Abdul G.

In: International Journal of Obesity, 2016, vol. 40, no. 12, p. 1906–1914

Global estimates of overweight and obesity prevalence are based on the World Health Organisation (WHO) body mass index (BMI) cut-off values of 25 and 30 kg m⁻², respectively. To validate these BMI cut-offs for adiposity in the island population of Mauritius, we assessed the relationship between BMI and measured body fat mass in this population according to gender and...

Université de Fribourg

Postprandial thermogenesis and respiratory quotient in response to galactose: comparison with glucose and fructose in healthy young adults

Charrière, Nathalie ; Montani, Jean-Pierre ; Dulloo, Abdul G.

In: Journal of Nutritional Science, 2016, vol. 5, p. -

Circumstantial evidence suggests that substitution of glucose or sucrose by the low- glycaemic index sugar galactose in the diet may lead to greater thermogenesis and/or fat oxidation. Using ventilated hood indirect calorimetry, we investigated, in twelve overnight-fasted adults, the resting energy expenditure (REE) and respiratory quotient (RQ) for 30 min before and 150 min after ingestion of...