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Université de Fribourg

Parvalbumin-deficiency accelerates the age-dependent ROS production in Pvalb neurons in vivo: link to neurodevelopmental disorders

Janickova, Lucia ; Schwaller, Beat

In: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2020, vol. 14, p. -

In neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia, impairment/malfunctioning of a subpopulation of interneurons expressing the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin (PV) –here termed Pvalb neurons– has gradually emerged as a possible cause. These neurons may represent a hub or point-of-convergence in the etiology of NDD. Increased oxidative...

Université de Fribourg

Absence of parvalbumin increases mitochondria volume and branching of dendrites in inhibitory Pvalb neurons in vivo: a point of convergence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk gene phenotypes

Janickova, Lucia ; Rechberger, Karin Farah ; Wey, Lucas ; Schwaller, Beat

In: Molecular Autism, 2020, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 47

In fast firing, parvalbumin (PV)-expressing (Pvalb) interneurons, PV acts as an intracellular Ca2+ signal modulator with slow-onset kinetics. In Purkinje cells of PV−/− mice, adaptive/homeostatic mechanisms lead to an increase in mitochondria, organelles equally capable of delayed Ca2+ sequestering/buffering. An inverse regulation of PV and mitochondria likewise operates in cell model...

Université de Fribourg

Profiling parvalbumin interneurons using iPSC: challenges and perspectives for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Filice, Federica ; Schwaller, Beat ; Michel, Tanja M. ; Grünblatt, Edna

In: Molecular Autism, 2020, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 10

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are persistent conditions resulting from disrupted/altered neurodevelopment. ASD multifactorial etiology—and its numerous comorbid conditions—heightens the difficulty in identifying its underlying causes, thus obstructing the development of effective therapies. Increasing evidence from both animal and human studies suggests an altered functioning of the...

Université de Fribourg

Modulation of calretinin expression in human mesothelioma cells reveals the implication of the fak and wnt signaling pathways in conferring chemoresistance towards cisplatin

Wörthmüller, Janine ; Salicio, Valérie ; Oberson, Anne ; Blum, Walter ; Schwaller, Beat

In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2019, vol. 20, no. 21, p. 5391

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive asbestos-linked neoplasm, characterized by dysregulation of signaling pathways. Due to intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance, MM treatment options remain limited. Calretinin is a Ca2+-binding protein expressed during MM tumorigenesis that activates the FAK signaling pathway, promoting invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Constitutive...

Université de Fribourg

Inducible and reversible silencing of the Pvalb gene in mice: An in vitro and in vivo study

Filice, Federica ; Blum, Walter ; Lauber, Emanuel ; Schwaller, Beat

In: European Journal of Neuroscience, 2019, vol. 50, no. 4, p. 2694–2706

Inducible and reversible regulation of gene expression is a powerful approach for unraveling gene functions. Here, we describe the generation of a system to efficiently downregulate in a reversible and inducible manner the Pvalb gene coding for the calcium‐binding protein parvalbumin (PV) in mice. We made use of an IPTG‐inducible short hairpin RNA to activate Pvalb transcript knockdown...

Université de Fribourg

Parvalbumin expression in oligodendrocyte-like CG4 cells causes a reduction in mitochondrial volume, attenuation in reactive oxygen species production and a decrease in cell processes’ length and branching

Lichvarova, Lucia ; Blum, Walter ; Schwaller, Beat ; Szabolcsi, Viktoria

In: Scientific Reports, 2019, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 10603

Forebrain glial cells - ependymal cells and astrocytes -acquire upon injury- a “reactive” phenotype associated with parvalbumin (PV) upregulation. Since free radicals, e.g. reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, and that PV-upregulation in glial cells is inversely correlated with the level of oxidative stress, we hypothesized that...

Université de Fribourg

Extending the mathematical palette for developmental pattern formation: piebaldism

Dougoud, Michaël ; Mazza, Christian ; Schwaller, Beat ; Pecze, László

In: Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, 2019, vol. 81, no. 5, p. 1461–1478

Here, we present a theoretical investigation with potential insights on developmental mechanisms. Three biological factors, consisting of two diffusing factors and a cell- autonomous immobile transcription factor are combined with different feedback mechanisms. This results in four different situations or fur patterns. Two of them reproduce classical Turing patterns: (1) regularly spaced...

Université de Fribourg

Parvalbumin alters mitochondrial dynamics and affects cell morphology

Lichvarova, Lucia ; Henzi, Thomas ; Safiulina, Dzhamilja ; Kaasik, Allen ; Schwaller, Beat

In: Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 2018, vol. 75, no. 24, p. 4643–4666

The Ca2+-binding protein parvalbumin (PV) and mitochondria play important roles in Ca2+ signaling, buffering and sequestration. Antagonistic regulation of PV and mitochondrial volume is observed in in vitro and in vivo model systems. Changes in mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial volume and dynamics (fusion, fission, mitophagy) resulting from modulation of PV were investigated in MDCK...

Université de Fribourg

Characterization and potential roles of calretinin in rodent spermatozoa

Dressen, Cindy ; Schwaller, Beat ; Vegh, Grégory ; Leleux, Fabienne ; Gall, David ; Lebrun, Philippe ; Lybaert, Pascale

In: Cell Calcium, 2018, vol. 74, p. 94–101

Calretinin has been detected in various excitable cells but the presence and putative roles of such a calcium-binding protein has never been characterized in sperm.Epididymal spermatozoa were collected from C57Bl6 (wild-type, WT) or calretinin knockout (CR−/−) mice and Wistar rats. A specific staining for calretinin was detected by immunofluorescence in the principal piece of the...