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Université de Fribourg

Circadian and genetic modulation of visually-guided navigation in Drosophila larvae

Asirim, Ece Z. ; Humberg, Tim-Henning ; Maier, G. Larisa ; Sprecher, Simon G.

In: Scientific Reports, 2020, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 2752

Organisms possess an endogenous molecular clock which enables them to adapt to environmental rhythms and to synchronize their metabolism and behavior accordingly. Circadian rhythms govern daily oscillations in numerous physiological processes, and the underlying molecular components have been extensively described from fruit flies to mammals. Drosophila larvae have relatively simple nervous...

Université de Fribourg

Life-history evolution and the genetics of fitness components in drosophila melanogaster

Flatt, Thomas

In: Genetics, 2020, vol. 214, no. 1, p. 3–48

Life-history traits or “fitness components”—such as age and size at maturity, fecundity and fertility, age-specific rates of survival, and life span—are the major phenotypic determinants of Darwinian fitness. Analyzing the evolution and genetics of these phenotypic targets of selection is central to our understanding of adaptation. Due to its simple and rapid life cycle, cosmopolitan...

Université de Fribourg

Retromer and TBC1D5 maintain late endosomal RAB7 domains to enable amino acid–induced mTORC1 signaling

Kvainickas, Arunas ; Nägele, Heike ; Qi, Wenjing ; Dokládal, Ladislav ; Jimenez-Orgaz, Ana ; Stehl, Luca ; Gangurde, Dipak ; Zhao, Qian ; Hu, Zehan ; Dengjel, Jörn ; Virgilio, Claudio De ; Baumeister, Ralf ; Steinberg, Florian

In: The Journal of Cell Biology, 2019, vol. 218, no. 9, p. 3019–3038

Retromer is an evolutionarily conserved multiprotein complex that orchestrates the endocytic recycling of integral membrane proteins. Here, we demonstrate that retromer is also required to maintain lysosomal amino acid signaling through mTORC1 across species. Without retromer, amino acids no longer stimulate mTORC1 translocation to the lysosomal membrane, which leads to a loss of mTORC1...

Université de Fribourg

Distinct genomic signals of lifespan and life history evolution in response to postponed reproduction and larval diet in Drosophila

Hoedjes, Katja M. ; van den Heuvel, Joost ; Kapun, Martin ; Keller, Laurent ; Flatt, Thomas ; Zwaan, Bas J.

In: Evolution Letters, 2019, p. -

Reproduction and diet are two major factors controlling the physiology of aging and life history, but how they interact to affect the evolution of longevity is unknown. Moreover, although studies of large‐effect mutants suggest an important role of nutrient sensing pathways in regulating aging, the genetic basis of evolutionary changes in lifespan remains poorly understood. To address these...

Université de Fribourg

A clinal polymorphism in the insulin signaling transcription factor foxo contributes to life-history adaptation in Drosophila*

Durmaz, Esra ; Rajpurohit, Subhash ; Betancourt, Nicolas ; Fabian, Daniel K. ; Kapun, Martin ; Schmidt, Paul ; Flatt, Thomas

In: Evolution, 2019, vol. 73, no. 9, p. 1774–1792

A fundamental aim of adaptation genomics is to identify polymorphisms that underpin variation in fitness traits. In Drosophila melanogaster, latitudinal life‐history clines exist on multiple continents and make an excellent system for dissecting the genetics of adaptation. We have previously identified numerous clinal single‐nucleotide polymorphism in insulin/insulin‐like growth factor...