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Université de Fribourg

Birds have peramorphic skulls, too: anatomical network analyses reveal oppositional heterochronies in avian skull evolution

Plateau, Olivia ; Foth, Christian

In: Communications Biology, 2020, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 195

In contrast to the vast majority of reptiles, the skulls of adult crown birds are characterized by a high degree of integration due to bone fusion, e.g., an ontogenetic event generating a net reduction in the number of bones. To understand this process in an evolutionary context, we investigate postnatal ontogenetic changes in the skulls of crown bird and non-avian theropods using anatomical...

Université de Fribourg

A new species of baenid turtle from the Early Cretaceous Lakota Formation of South Dakota

Joyce, Walter G. ; Rollot, Yann ; Cifelli, Richard L.

In: Fossil Record, 2020, vol. 23, no. 1, p. 1–13

Baenidae is a clade of paracryptodiran turtles known from the late Early Cretaceous to Eocene of North America. The proposed sister-group relationship of Baenidae to Pleurosternidae, a group of turtles known from sediments dated as early as the Late Jurassic, suggests a ghost lineage that crosses the early Early Cretaceous. We here document a new species of paracryptodiran turtle, Lakotemys...

Université de Fribourg

Feeding biomechanics suggests progressive correlation of skull architecture and neck evolution in turtles

Ferreira, Gabriel S. ; Lautenschlager, Stephan ; Evers, Serjoscha W. ; Pfaff, Cathrin ; Kriwet, Jürgen ; Raselli, Irena ; Werneburg, Ingmar

In: Scientific Reports, 2020, vol. 10, p. 5505

The origin of turtles is one of the most long-lasting debates in evolutionary research. During their evolution, a series of modifications changed their relatively kinetic and anapsid skull into an elongated akinetic structure with a unique pulley system redirecting jaw adductor musculature. These modifications were thought to be strongly correlated to functional adaptations, especially to bite...

Université de Fribourg

Population genomic analysis of elongated skulls reveals extensive female-biased immigration in Early Medieval Bavaria

Veeramah, Krishna R. ; Rott, Andreas ; Groß, Melanie ; Dorp, Lucy van ; López, Saioa ; Kirsanow, Karola ; Sell, Christian ; Blöcher, Jens ; Wegmann, Daniel ; Link, Vivian ; Hofmanová, Zuzana ; Peters, Joris ; Trautmann, Bernd ; Gairhos, Anja ; Haberstroh, Jochen ; Päffgen, Bernd ; Hellenthal, Garrett ; Haas-Gebhard, Brigitte ; Harbeck, Michaela ; Burger, Joachim

In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2018, p. 201719880

Modern European genetic structure demonstrates strong correlations with geography, while genetic analysis of prehistoric humans has indicated at least two major waves of immigration from outside the continent during periods of cultural change. However, population-level genome data that could shed light on the demographic processes occurring during the intervening periods have been absent....

Université de Fribourg

A new baenid turtle from the early Paleocene (Torrejonian) of New Mexico and a species-level phylogenetic analysis of Baenidae

Lyson, Tyler R. ; Joyce, Walter G. ; Lucas, Spencer G. ; Sullivan, Robert M.

In: Journal of Paleontology, 2016, vol. 90, no. 2, p. 305–316

New cranial and postcranial material of the baenid turtle Neurankylus from the Paleocene Nacimiento Formation (Torrejonian NALMA) of northwestern New Mexico represents a new species, Neurankylus torrejonensis. The material consists of a fragmented but mostly complete skull, a partial carapace and plastron, portions of both humeri, a partial pelvis, a complete right femur, and a distal phalanx....

Université de Fribourg

Cranial ontogenetic variation in early saurischians and the role of heterochrony in the diversification of predatory dinosaurs

Foth​, Christian ; Hedrick, Brandon P. ; Ezcurra, Martin D.

In: PeerJ, 2016, vol. 4, p. e1589

Non-avian saurischian skulls underwent at least 165 million years of evolution and shapes varied from elongated skulls, such as in the theropod Coelophysis, to short and box-shaped skulls, such as in the sauropod Camarasaurus. A number of factors have long been considered to drive skull shape, including phylogeny, dietary preferences and functional constraints. However, heterochrony is...

Bibliothèque cantonale jurassienne

Biomechanical investigations on the skulls of reptiles and mammals

Preuschoft, Holger ; Witzel, Ulrich

In: Senckenbergiana lethaea : wissenschaftliche Mitteilungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 2002, vol. 82, no. 1, p. 207-222