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Université de Fribourg

Staying alive on an active volcano : 80 years population dynamics of Cytisus aeolicus (Fabaceae) from Stromboli (Aeolian Islands, Italy)

Zaia, R. ; Pasta, Salvatore ; Rita, F. Di ; Laudicina, V. A. ; Cascio, P. Lo ; Magri, D. ; Troia, Angelo ; Guarino, Riccardo

In: Ecological Processes, 2020, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 64

Cytisus aeolicus is a narrow endemic species restricted to the Aeolian archipelago (SE Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) and it is one of the most evolutionarily isolated plants in the Mediterranean flora. Historical and literature data suggest that both metapopulations and isolated individuals of C. aeolicus are gradually shrinking. Field investigations and drone images demonstrate that the C. aeolicus...

Université de Fribourg

Automated conservation assessment of the orchid family with deep learning

Zizka, Alexander ; Silvestro, Daniele ; Vitt, Pati ; Knight, Tiffany M.

In: Conservation Biology, 2020, p. cobi.13616

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List assessments are essential for prioritizing conservation needs but are resource intensive and therefore available only for a fraction of global species richness. Automated conservation assessments based on digitally available geographic occurrence records can be a rapid alternative, but it is unclear how reliable these assessments...

Université de Fribourg

MAcroecological Framework for Invasive Aliens (MAFIA): disentangling large-scale context dependence in biological invasions

Pyšek, Petr ; Bacher, Sven ; Kühn, Ingolf ; Novoa, Ana ; Catford, Jane A. ; Hulme, Philip E. ; Pergl, Jan ; Richardson, David M. ; Wilson, John R. U. ; Blackburn, Tim M.

In: NeoBiota, 2020, vol. 62, p. 407–461

Macroecology is the study of patterns, and the processes that determine those patterns, in the distribution and abundance of organisms at large scales, whether they be spatial (from hundreds of kilometres to global), temporal (from decades to centuries), and organismal (numbers of species or higher taxa). In the context of invasion ecology, macroecological studies include, for example,...

Université de Fribourg

Improving the Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT): a summary of revisions to the framework and guidelines

Volery, Lara ; Blackburn, Tim M. ; Bertolino, Sandro ; Evans, Thomas ; Genovesi, Piero ; Kumschick, Sabrina ; Roy, Helen E. ; Smith, Kevin G. ; Bacher, Sven

In: NeoBiota, 2020, vol. 62, p. 547–567

The Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) classifies the impacts caused by alien species in their introduced range in standardised terms across taxa and recipient environments. Impacts are classified into one of five levels of severity, from Minimal Concern to Massive, via one of 12 impact mechanisms. Here, we explain revisions based on an IUCN-wide consultation process...

Université de Fribourg

Appropriate uses of EICAT protocol, data and classifications

Kumschick, Sabrina ; Bacher, Sven ; Bertolino, Sandro ; Blackburn, Tim M. ; Evans, Thomas ; Roy, Helen E. ; Smith, Kevin

In: NeoBiota, 2020, vol. 62, p. 193–212

The Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) can be used to classify alien taxa according to the magnitude and type of their environmental impacts. The EICAT protocol, classifications of alien taxa using the protocol (EICAT classification) and the data underpinning classifications (EICAT data) are increasingly used by scientists and practitioners such as governments, NGOs...

Université de Fribourg

Application of the Socio-Economic Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (SEICAT) to a global assessment of alien bird impacts

Evans, Thomas ; Blackburn, Tim M. ; Jeschke, Jonathan M. ; Probert, Anna F. ; Bacher, Sven

In: NeoBiota, 2020, vol. 62, p. 123–142

We use a recently proposed framework, the Socio-Economic Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (SEICAT) to undertake the first global assessment of the impacts of alien birds on human well-being. A review of the published literature and online resources was undertaken to collate information on the reported socio-economic impacts of 415 bird species with self-sustaining alien populations...

Université de Fribourg

The past and future human impact on mammalian diversity

Andermann, Tobias ; Faurby, Søren ; Turvey, Samuel T. ; Antonelli, Alexandre ; Silvestro, Daniele

In: Science Advances, 2020, vol. 6, no. 36, p. eabb2313

To understand the current biodiversity crisis, it is crucial to determine how humans have affected biodiversity in the past. However, the extent of human involvement in species extinctions from the Late Pleistocene onward remains contentious. Here, we apply Bayesian models to the fossil record to estimate how mammalian extinction rates have changed over the past 126,000 years, inferring...

Université de Fribourg

Early diagenetic imprint on temperature proxies in holocene corals: a case study from french polynesia

Rashid, Rashid ; Eisenhauer, Anton ; Liebetrau, Volker ; Fietzke, Jan ; Böhm, Florian ; Wall, Marlene ; Krause, Stefan ; Rüggeberg, Andres ; Dullo, Wolf-Christian ; Jurikova, Hana ; Samankassou, Elias ; Lazar, Boaz

In: Frontiers in Earth Science, 2020, vol. 8, p. -

Coral-based reconstructions of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) using Sr/Ca, U/Ca and δ18O ratios are important tools for quantitative analysis of past climate variabilities. However, post-depositional alteration of coral aragonite, particularly early diagenesis, restrict the accuracy of calibrated proxies even on young corals. Considering the diagenetic effects, we present new Mid to Late...

Université de Fribourg

Selective extinction against redundant species buffers functional diversity

Pimiento, Catalina ; Bacon, Christine D. ; Silvestro, Daniele ; Hendy, Austin ; Jaramillo, Carlos ; Zizka, Alexander ; Meyer, Xavier ; Antonelli, Alexandre

In: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2020, vol. 287, no. 2020-1931, p. 20201162

The extinction of species can destabilize ecological processes. A way to assess the ecological consequences of species loss is by examining changes in functional diversity. The preservation of functional diversity depends on the range of ecological roles performed by species, or functional richness, and the number of species per role, or functional redundancy. However, current knowledge is...