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Université de Fribourg

Selective extinction against redundant species buffers functional diversity

Pimiento, Catalina ; Bacon, Christine D. ; Silvestro, Daniele ; Hendy, Austin ; Jaramillo, Carlos ; Zizka, Alexander ; Meyer, Xavier ; Antonelli, Alexandre

In: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2020, vol. 287, no. 2020-1931, p. 20201162

The extinction of species can destabilize ecological processes. A way to assess the ecological consequences of species loss is by examining changes in functional diversity. The preservation of functional diversity depends on the range of ecological roles performed by species, or functional richness, and the number of species per role, or functional redundancy. However, current knowledge is...

Université de Fribourg

Increased anxiety after stimulation of the right inferior parietal lobe and the left orbitofrontal cortex

Grieder, Matthias ; Homan, Philipp ; Federspiel, Andrea ; Kiefer, Claus ; Hasler, Gregor

In: Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2020, vol. 11, p. -

Sustained anxiety is a key symptom of anxiety disorders and may be associated with neural activation in the right inferior parietal lobe (rIPL), particularly under unpredictable threat. This finding suggests a moderating role of the rIPL in sustained anxiety, which we tested in the current study. We applied cathodal or sham transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to the rIPL as a...

Université de Fribourg

How do ethanolamine plasmalogens contribute to order and structure of neurological membranes?

West, Ana ; Zoni, Valeria ; Teague, Walter E. ; Leonard, Alison N. ; Vanni, Stefano ; Gawrisch, Klaus ; Tristram-Nagle, Stephanie ; Sachs, Jonathan N. ; Klauda, Jeffery B.

In: The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2020, vol. 124, no. 5, p. 828–839

Ethanolamine plasmalogen (EtnPLA) is a conical-shaped ether lipid and an essential component of neurological membranes. Low stability against oxidation limits its study in experiments. The concentration of EtnPLA in the bilayer varies depending on cell type and disease progression. Here we report on mixed bilayers of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and 1-(1Z-...

Université de Fribourg

Modulation of calretinin expression in human mesothelioma cells reveals the implication of the fak and wnt signaling pathways in conferring chemoresistance towards cisplatin

Wörthmüller, Janine ; Salicio, Valérie ; Oberson, Anne ; Blum, Walter ; Schwaller, Beat

In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2019, vol. 20, no. 21, p. 5391

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive asbestos-linked neoplasm, characterized by dysregulation of signaling pathways. Due to intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance, MM treatment options remain limited. Calretinin is a Ca2+-binding protein expressed during MM tumorigenesis that activates the FAK signaling pathway, promoting invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Constitutive...

Université de Fribourg

Assessment of the potential for in-plume sulphur dioxide gas-ash interactions to influence the respiratory toxicity of volcanic ash

Tomašek, Ines ; Damby, David E. ; Horwell, Claire J. ; Ayris, Paul M. ; Delmelle, Pierre ; Ottley, Christopher J. ; Cubillas, Pablo ; Casas, Ana S. ; Bisig, Christoph ; Petri-Fink, Alke ; Dingwell, Donald B. ; Clift, Martin J. D. ; Drasler, Barbara ; Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara

In: Environmental Research, 2019, vol. 179, p. 108798

Volcanic plumes are complex environments composed of gases and ash particles, where chemical and physical processes occur at different temperature and compositional regimes. Commonly, soluble sulphate- and chloride-bearing salts are formed on ash as gases interact with ash surfaces. Exposure to respirable volcanic ash following an eruption is potentially a significant health concern. The...

Université de Fribourg

Structure and dynamics of the acyl chains in the membrane trafficking and enzymatic processing of lipids

Vanni, Stefano ; Riccardi, Laura ; Palermo, Giulia ; De Vivo, Marco

In: Accounts of Chemical Research, 2019, vol. 52, no. 11, p. 3087–3096

The regulatory chemical mechanisms of lipid trafficking and degradation are involved in many pathophysiological processes, being implicated in severe pain, inflammation, and cancer. In addition, the processing of lipids is also relevant for industrial and environmental applications. However, there is poor understanding of the chemical features that control lipid membrane trafficking and allow...

Université de Fribourg

Serial electron microscopic reconstruction of the drosophila larval eye: Photoreceptors with a rudimentary rhabdomere of microvillar-like processes

Hartenstein, Volker ; Yuan, Michaela ; Younossi-Hartenstein, Amelia ; Karandikar, Aanavi ; Bernardo-Garcia, F. Javier ; Sprecher, Simon G. ; Knust, Elisabeth

In: Developmental Biology, 2019, vol. 453, no. 1, p. 56–67

Photoreceptor cells (PRCs) across the animal kingdom are characterized by a stacking of apical membranes to accommodate the high abundance of photopigment. In arthropods and many other invertebrate phyla PRC membrane stacks adopt the shape of densely packed microvilli that form a structure called rhabdomere. PRCs and surrounding accessory cells, including pigment cells and lens-forming cells,...