In: PLoS ONE, 2015, vol. 10, no. 10, p. e0140059
Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) hydrolyze almost all classes of β-lactam antibiotic, including carbapenems—currently first choice drugs for opportunistic infections by Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. MBL inhibitor development is complicated by the diversity within this group of enzymes, and by the appearance of new enzymes that continue to be identified both as chromosomal genes and on mobile...
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In: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2015, vol. 83, no. 3, p. 234–236
The recently modified CHROMagar Acinetobacter medium was evaluated for detection of carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii from spiked stools. A total of 45 Acinetobacter spp. isolates were tested. The CHROMagar Acinetobacter medium had a high sensitivity of 86.5% and a specificity of 75%. This medium is likely to be most useful for controlling outbreaks and in endemic situations.
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In: BMC Infectious Diseases, 2015, vol. 15, p. 512
Extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E) are increasingly identified in health care facilities. As previously done for the control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, many hospitals have established screening strategies for early identification of patients being carriers of ESBL producers in general and ESBL-E in particular, and have implemented contact...
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In: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2015, vol. 45, no. 6, p. 641–646
Recent clinical isolates of key Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were collected in 2012 from hospitalised patients in medical centres in four European countries (France, Germany, Italy and Spain) and were tested using standard broth microdilution methodology to assess the impact of 4 mg/L avibactam on the in vitro activities of ceftazidime, ceftaroline and aztreonam. Against...
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In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2015, vol. 53, no. 9, p. 3003–3008
Performances of the Rapidec Carba NP test (bioMérieux) were evaluated for detection of all types of carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In less than 2 h after sample preparation, it showed a sensitivity and specificity of 96%. This ready-to-use test is well adapted to the daily need for detection of carbapenemase producers in any laboratory...
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In: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2015, vol. 46, no. 1, p. 108–110
Gene modifications in the PmrAB and PhoPQ two-component regulatory systems, as well as inactivation of the mgrB gene, are known to be causes of colistin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae. The objective of this study was to characterise the mechanism involved in colistin resistance in a Klebsiella oxytoca isolate. A K. oxytoca clinical isolate showing resistance to colistin was recovered in...
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In: International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2015, vol. 34, p. 53–54
Characterize a NDM-1 producing K. pneumoniae isolate recovered from a patient hospitalized in Guadeloupe, French West Indies, after its transfer from CubaMethodsAntibiotic susceptibilities were determined by the disk diffusion method, and E-test. Carbapenemase production was assessed using the Carba NP test. Antibiotic resistance determinants and their surrounding structures were...
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In: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2015, vol. 70, no. 11, p. 3014-3022
The objective of this study was the evaluation of the performance of two commercially available biochemical tests for the rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae compared with a home-made technique.Methods: A collection of 150 enterobacterial isolates, including 132 isolates with decreased susceptibility to at least one carbapenem molecule, were tested for carbapenemase...
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In: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2015, vol. 45, no. 6, p. 568–585
Multidrug resistance is quite common among non-fermenting Gram-negative rods, in particular among clinically relevant species including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. These bacterial species, which are mainly nosocomial pathogens, possess a diversity of resistance mechanisms that may lead to multidrug or even pandrug resistance. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)...
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In: Biochemistry, 2015, vol. 54, no. 21, p. 3370–3380
OXA-163 and OXA-48 are closely related class D β-lactamases that exhibit different substrate profiles. OXA-163 hydrolyzes oxyimino-cephalosporins, particularly ceftazidime, while OXA-48 prefers carbapenem substrates. OXA-163 differs from OXA-48 by one substitution (S212D) in the active-site β5 strand and a four-amino acid deletion (214-RIEP-217) in the loop connecting the β5 and β6 strands....
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