In: International Journal of Obesity, 2007, vol. 31, no. 2, p. 378–381
Mice lacking β-adrenoceptors, which mediate the thermogenic effects of norepinephrine and epinephrine, show diminished thermogenesis and high susceptibility to obesity, whereas mice lacking stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), which catalyzes the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids, show enhanced thermogenesis and high resistance to obesity. In testing whether β-adrenergic...
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In: BMC Bioinformatics, 2007, vol. 8, p. 131
Background: PCR has the potential to detect and precisely quantify specific DNA sequences, but it is not yet often used as a fully quantitative method. A number of data collection and processing strategies have been described for the implementation of quantitative PCR. However, they can be experimentally cumbersome, their relative performances have not been evaluated systematically, and they...
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In: Plant and Soil, 2007, vol. 300, no. 1-2, p. 35-49
The reactions of trees to wind, rockfall, and snow and debris flow depend largely on how strong and deformable their anchorage in the soil is. Here, the resistive turning moment M of the root–soil system as a function of the rotation ϕ at the stem base plays the major role. M(ϕ) describes the behavior of the root– soil system when subject to rotational moment,...
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In: Developmental Biology, 2007, vol. 206, no. 2, p. 469-479
The fate of the vulval cells in Caenorhabditis elegans is specified, at least in part, through a highly conserved RTK/Ras mediated signaling cascade that negatively regulates the activity of the ETS-like transcription factor LIN-1. The Hox gene lin-39 functions downstream of both, the LIN-3/RTK/Ras pathway and LIN-1 and plays a pivotal role in controlling vulva cell competence and...
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In: The Plant Cell, 2007, vol. 19, no. 7, p. 2213-2224
Wound signaling pathways in plants are mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and stress hormones, such as ethylene and jasmonates. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the transmission of wound signals by MAPKs has been the subject of detailed investigations; however, the involvement of specific phosphatases in wound signaling is not known. Here, we show that AP2C1, an...
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In: Tree Physiology, 2008, vol. 28, no. 2, p. 255-263
Following mechanical injury, stems of many conifers produce tangential rows of traumatic resin ducts (TRDs), the distribution of which has been used to date geomorphic events. However, little is known about how far TRD formation extends tangentially and axially from the point of injury or what the time course of TRD appearance is. We analyzed 28 injuries in eight Larix decidua Mill. tree...
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In: Annals of Botany, 2008, vol. 101, no. 1, p. 25-30
Background: Phylogenetic and phylogeographic investigations have been previously performed to study the evolution of the olive tree complex (Olea europaea). A particularly high genomic diversity has been found in north-west Africa. However, to date no exhaustive study has been addressed to infer putative polyploidization events and their evolutionary significance in the diversification...
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In: Chinese Physics Letters, 2007, vol. 24, no. 10, p. 3002
We investigate a set of complex heart rate time series from healthy human in different behaviour states with the detrended fluctuation analysis and diffusion entropy (DE) method. It is proposed that the scaling properties are influenced by behaviour states. The memory detected by DE exhibits an approximately same pattern after a detrending procedure. Both of them demonstrate the long-range strong...
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In: Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents - Medicinal Chemistry, 2007, vol. 7, no. 2, p. 137-141
Clinical and experimental studies provide increasing evidence that obesity is a major cardiovascular risk factor and that the adipose tissue is not just for regulation of lipid and energy homeostasis. Accordingly, the endocrine secretion of adipose tissue is implicated in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Whilst the functions of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue are relatively...
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In: European Cytokine Network, 2007, vol. 18, no. 2, p. 47-55
Since the redox state regulator glutathione (GSH) influences lipopolysaccharide (LPS) anorexia, we studied the roles of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in the GSH response to intraperitoneal (ip) LPS injection in mice. Basal NGF and GSH levels were up-regulated in brain and liver of TNFα-knock-out (KO) mice, and this was associated with attenuated LPS anorexia....
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