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Université de Fribourg

Corona Immunitas: study protocol of a nationwide program of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and seroepidemiologic studies in Switzerland

West, Erin A. ; Anker, Daniela ; Amati, Rebecca ; Richard, Aude ; Wisniak, Ania ; Butty, Audrey ; Albanese, Emiliano ; Bochud, Murielle ; Chiolero, Arnaud ; Crivelli, Luca ; Cullati, Stéphane ; d'Acremont, Valérie ; Epure, Adina Mihaela ; Fehr, Jan ; Flahault, Antoine ; Fornerod, Luc ; Frank, Irène ; Frei, Anja ; Michel, Gisela ; Gonseth, Semira ; Guessous, Idris ; Imboden, Medea ; Kahlert, Christian R. ; Kaufmann, Laurent ; Kohler, Philipp ; Mösli, Nicolai ; Paris, Daniel ; Probst-Hensch, Nicole ; Rodondi, Nicolas ; Stringhini, Silvia ; Vermes, Thomas ; Vollrath, Fabian ; the Corona Immunitas Research Group

In: International Journal of Public Health, 2020, vol. 65, no. 9, p. 1529–1548

Objectives Seroprevalence studies to assess the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population and subgroups are key for evaluating mitigation and vaccination policies and for understanding the spread of the disease both on the national level and for comparison with the international community. Methods Corona Immunitas is a research program of coordinated, population-based,...

Université de Fribourg

Dehn functions and Hölder extensions in asymptotic cones

Lytchak, Alexander ; Wenger, Stefan ; Young, Robert

In: Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik, 2020, vol. 2020, no. 763, p. 79–109

The Dehn function measures the area of minimal discs that fill closed curves in a space; it is an important invariant in analysis, geometry, and geometric group theory. There are several equivalent ways to define the Dehn function, varying according to the type of disc used. In this paper, we introduce a new definition of the Dehn function and use it to prove several theorems. First, we...

Université de Fribourg

Insights into the mechanism of photosynthetic H 2 evolution catalyzed by a heptacoordinate cobalt complex

Lucarini, Fiorella ; Fize, Jennifer ; Morozan, Adina ; Marazzi, Marco ; Natali, Mirco ; Pastore, Mariachiara ; Artero, Vincent ; Ruggi, Albert

In: Sustainable Energy & Fuels, 2020, vol. 4, no. 2, p. 589–599

H2 evolution catalyzed by a heptacoordinate complex under both electro- (1) and photo-chemical (2) conditions is analyzed in detail in order to gain insights into the mechanism of the processes. The complex shows high catalytic activity for hydrogen production in acetonitrile, in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid and triethylammonium tetrafluoroborate as proton sources. Foot-of-the-wave...

Université de Fribourg

Nonthermal excitonic condensation near a spin-state transition

Werner, Philipp ; Murakami, Yuta

In: Physical Review B, 2020, vol. 102, no. 2020-24, p. 241103

Recent experiments demonstrate the induction of long-range order in correlated electron systems via external perturbations, which calls for a better understanding of nonthermal ordered states and nonequilibrium symmetry breaking. Here, we reveal a mechanism based on entropy cooling and entropy trapping in a strongly correlated multiorbital system. We consider a two-orbital Hubbard model with...

Université de Fribourg

Rapid ESBL NP test for rapid detection of expanded-spectrum β-lactamase producers in enterobacterales

Demord, Anthony ; Poirel, Laurent ; D'Emidio, Fernando ; Pomponio, Stefano ; Nordmann, Patrice

In: Microbial Drug Resistance, 2020, p. -

Objectives: To evaluate the biochemical Rapid ESBL NP® (Liofilchem, Italy) for the rapid detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in Enterobacterales.Methods: A total of 100 clinical gram-negative strains (40 ESBL producers with or without cephalosporinase, 43 carbapenemase producers with or without additional ESBLs, 8 AmpC-type producers, 6 penicillinase producers, and 3 ...

Université de Fribourg

Genetic features leading to reduced susceptibility to aztreonam-avibactam among metallo-β-lactamase-producing escherichia coli isolates

Sadek, Mustafa ; Juhas, Mario ; Poirel, Laurent ; Nordmann, Patrice

In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2020, vol. 64, no. 2020-12, p. -

Metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates resistant to the newly developed β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor drug combination aztreonam-avibactam (ATM-AVI) have been reported. Here, we analyzed a series of 118 clinical MBL- producing E. coli isolates of various geographical origins for susceptibility to ATM-AVI. The nature of the PBP3 protein sequence and the occurrence of...

Université de Fribourg

Dimercaptosuccinic acid in combination with carbapenems against isogenic strains of Escherichia coli producing or not producing a metallo-β-lactamase in vitro and in murine peritonitis

Cheminet, G. ; de Lastours, V. ; Poirel, Laurent ; Chau, F. ; Peoc’h, K. ; Massias, L. ; Fantin, B. ; Nordmann, Patrice

In: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2020, vol. 75, no. 12, p. 3593–3600

Background: Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales represent a major therapeutic challenge. MBLs, requiring zinc at their catalytic site, could be inhibited by meso-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), a heavy metal chelator already widely used for treating lead intoxication.Objectives: To evaluate the activity of carbapenems alone or combined with DMSA against MBL-producing Escherichia coli in...

Università della Svizzera italiana

Firms talk, suppliers walk : analyzing the locus of greenwashing in the blame game and introducing ‘vicarious greenwashing’

Pizzetti, Marta ; Gatti, Lucia ; Seele, Peter

In: Journal of business ethics, 2019, p. 51 p

Greenwashing is a phenomenon that is linked to scandals that often occur at the supply-chain level. Nevertheless, research on this subject remains in its infancy; much more is needed to advance our understanding of stakeholders’ reactions to greenwashing. We propose here a new typology of greenwashing, based on the locus of discrepancy, i.e. the point along the supply-chain where the...

Université de Fribourg

Benchmarking nonparametric Granger causality: Robustness against downsampling and influence of spectral decomposition parameters

Pagnotta, Mattia F. ; Dhamala, Mukesh ; Plomp, Gijs

In: NeuroImage, 2018, vol. 183, p. 478-494

Brain function arises from networks of distributed brain areas whose directed interactions vary at subsecond time scales. To investigate such interactions, functional directed connectivity methods based on nonparametric spectral factorization are promising tools, because they can be straightforwardly extended to the nonstationary case using wavelet transforms or multitapers on sliding time...