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Haute Ecole d'Ingénierie

Four-primary light environment system for specific light stimulation of photoreceptors of the eye

Barman, Corentin ; Geier, Martial (Dir.)

Mémoire de bachelor : Haute Ecole d'Ingénierie, 2018.

Smartphones, televisions, computer screens, LED lights, every day we are exposed to artificial lighting and we still don’t know all of the consequences. LED-based technology becomes more and more popular every day, thanks to their efficiency and durability. But as with every recent technology, we take them for granted without understanding all of the influence they could have on our body....

Université de Fribourg

Glass confers rhabdomeric photoreceptor identity in Drosophila, but not across all metazoans

Bernardo‑Garcia, F. Javier ; Syed, Maryam ; Jékely, Gáspár ; Sprecher, Simon G.

In: EvoDevo, 2019, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 4

Across metazoans, visual systems employ different types of photoreceptor neurons (PRs) to detect light. These include rhabdomeric PRs, which exist in distantly related phyla and possess an evolutionarily conserved phototransduction cascade. While the development of rhabdomeric PRs has been thoroughly studied in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, we still know very little about how they...

Université de Fribourg

Genetic control of photoreceptor terminal differentiation in Drosophila melanogaster

Bernardo-Garcia, F. Javier ; Sprecher, Simon (Dir.)

Thèse de doctorat : Université de Fribourg, 2018 ; no. 2066.

Why do photoreceptors differentiate in the eye? Though simple, biologically this is an important question, and it may prove complex to answer. To present a bigger picture: animals have evolved a diversity of highly specialised sensory organs, which they use to obtain information from their environment and thus survive. These organs contain different types of receptor neurons. For example, there...

Université de Fribourg

Photoreceptors: unconventional ways of seeing

Diaz, Naryttza N. ; Sprecher, Simon G.

In: Current Biology, 2011, vol. 21, no. 1, p. R25-R27

Animals perceive light typically by photoreceptor neurons assembled in eyes, but some also use non-eye photosensory neurons. Multidendritic neurons in the body wall of Drosophila larvae have now been shown to use an unconventional phototransduction mechanism to sense light.

Université de Fribourg

Cones are required for normal temporal responses to light of phase shifts and clock gene expression

Dollet, Anna ; Albrecht, Urs ; Cooper, Howard M. ; Dkhissi-Benyahya, Ouria

In: Chronobiology International, 2010, vol. 27, no. 4, p. 768-781

In mammals, non-visual responses to light involve intrinsically photosensitive melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) that receive synaptic inputs from rod and cone photoreceptors. Several studies have shown that cones also play a role in light entrainment, photic responses of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), pupil constriction, and sleep induction. These studies suggest that...

Université de Fribourg

Evening exposure to blue light stimulates the expression of the clock gene PER2 in humans

Cajochen, Christian ; Jud, Corinne ; Münch, Mirjam ; Kobialka, Szymon ; Wirz-Justice, Anna ; Albrecht, Urs

In: European Journal of Neuroscience, 2006, vol. 23, no. 4, p. 1082-1086

We developed a non-invasive method to measure and quantify human circadian PER2 gene expression in oral mucosa samples and show that this gene oscillates in a circadian (= about a day) fashion. We also have the first evidence that induction of human PER2 expression is stimulated by exposing subjects to 2 h of light in the evening. This increase in PER2 expression was statistically significant...