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Università della Svizzera italiana

Intestinal microbiota sustains inflammation and autoimmunity induced by hypomorphic RAG defects

Rigoni, Rosita ; Fontana, Elena ; Guglielmetti, Simone ; Fosso, Bruno ; D’Erchia, Anna Maria ; Maina, Virginia ; Taverniti, Valentina ; Carmina Castiello, Maria ; Mantero, Stefano ; Pacchiana, Giovanni ; Musio, Silvia ; Pedotti, Rosetta ; Selmi, Carlo ; Mora, J. Rodrigo ; Pesole, Graziano ; Vezzoni, Paolo ; Poliani, Pietro Luigi ; Grassi, Fabio ; Villa, Anna ; Cassani, Barbara

In: The journal of experimental medicine, 2016, vol. 213, no. 3, p. 355-375

Omenn syndrome (OS) is caused by hypomorphic Rag mutations and characterized by a profound immunodeficiency associated with autoimmune-like manifestations. Both in humans and mice, OS is mediated by oligoclonal activated T and B cells. The role of microbial signals in disease pathogenesis is debated. Here, we show that Rag2R229Q knock-in mice developed an inflammatory bowel disease affecting...

Università della Svizzera italiana

Mutually exclusive redox forms of HMGB1 promote cell recruitment or proinflammatory cytokine release

Venereau, Emilie ; Casalgrandi, Maura ; Schiraldi, Milena ; Antoine, Daniel J. ; Cattaneo, Angela ; De Marchis, Francesco ; Liu, Jaron ; Antonelli, Antonella ; Preti, Alessandro ; Raeli, Lorenzo ; Samadi Shams, Sara ; Yang, Huan ; Varani, Luca ; Andersson, Ulf ; Tracey, Kevin J. ; Bachi, Angela ; Uguccioni, Mariagrazia ; Bianchi, Marco E.

In: The journal of experimental medicine, 2012, vol. 209, no. 9, p. 1519-1528

Tissue damage causes inflammation, by recruiting leukocytes and activating them to release proinflammatory mediators. We show that high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) orchestrates both processes by switching among mutually exclusive redox states. Reduced cysteines make HMGB1 a chemoattractant, whereas a disulfide bond makes it a proinflammatory cytokine and further cysteine oxidation to...

Università della Svizzera italiana

HMGB1 promotes recruitment of inflammatory cells to damaged tissues by forming a complex with CXCL12 and signaling via CXCR4

Schiraldi, Milena ; Raucci, Angela ; Martínez Muñoz, Laura ; Livoti, Elsa ; Celona, Barbara ; Venereau, Emilie ; Apuzzo, Tiziana ; De Marchis, Francesco ; Pedotti, Mattia ; Bachi, Angela ; Thelen, Marcus ; Varani, Luca ; Mellado, Mario ; Proudfoot, Amanda ; Bianchi, Marco Emilio ; Uguccioni, Mariagrazia

In: The journal of experimental medicine, 2012, vol. 209, no. 3, p. 551-563

After tissue damage, inflammatory cells infiltrate the tissue and release proinflammatory cytokines. HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1), a nuclear protein released by necrotic and severely stressed cells, promotes cytokine release via its interaction with the TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4) receptor and cell migration via an unknown mechanism. We show that HMGB1- induced recruitment of inflammatory...

Università della Svizzera italiana

How viruses hijack the ERAD tuning machinery

Noack, Julia ; Bernasconi, Riccardo ; Molinari, Maurizio

In: Journal of virology, 2014, vol. 88, no. 18, p. 10272-10275

An essential step during the intracellular life cycle of many positive-strand RNA viruses is the rearrangement of host cell membranes to generate membrane-bound replication platforms. For example, Nidovirales and Flaviviridae subvert the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for their replication. However, the absence of conventional ER and secretory pathway markers in virus-induced...

Università della Svizzera italiana

Stringent requirement for HRD1, SEL1L, and OS-9/XTP3-B for disposal of ERAD-LS substrates

Bernasconi, Riccardo ; Galli, Carmela ; Calanca, Verena ; Nakajima, Toshihiro ; Molinari, Maurizio

In: The journal of cell biology, 2010, vol. 188, no. 2, p. 223–235

Sophisticated quality control mechanisms prolong retention of protein-folding intermediates in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) until maturation while sorting out terminally misfolded polypeptides for ER-associated degradation (ERAD). The presence of structural lesions in the luminal, transmembrane, or cytosolic domains determines the classification of misfolded polypeptides as ERAD-L, -M, or -C...