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Université de Fribourg

The experience of solidarity in Poland under communist rule and thereafter

Solska, Magdalena

In: sozialpolitik.ch, 2021, vol. 1, no. 1, p. Article 1.2

Although Solidarność was the largest mass movement in the history of after- war Europe, the experience of solidarity during that time in communist Poland has barely been analysed. Drawing on historical accounts of the events in the 1980s and press interviews with Solidarność members, this paper attempts to bridge this gap and identifies key aspects of the experienced solidarity. It...

Université de Fribourg

Staying alive on an active volcano : 80 years population dynamics of Cytisus aeolicus (Fabaceae) from Stromboli (Aeolian Islands, Italy)

Zaia, R. ; Pasta, Salvatore ; Rita, F. Di ; Laudicina, V. A. ; Cascio, P. Lo ; Magri, D. ; Troia, Angelo ; Guarino, Riccardo

In: Ecological Processes, 2020, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 64

Cytisus aeolicus is a narrow endemic species restricted to the Aeolian archipelago (SE Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) and it is one of the most evolutionarily isolated plants in the Mediterranean flora. Historical and literature data suggest that both metapopulations and isolated individuals of C. aeolicus are gradually shrinking. Field investigations and drone images demonstrate that the C. aeolicus...

Université de Fribourg

The past and future human impact on mammalian diversity

Andermann, Tobias ; Faurby, Søren ; Turvey, Samuel T. ; Antonelli, Alexandre ; Silvestro, Daniele

In: Science Advances, 2020, vol. 6, no. 36, p. eabb2313

To understand the current biodiversity crisis, it is crucial to determine how humans have affected biodiversity in the past. However, the extent of human involvement in species extinctions from the Late Pleistocene onward remains contentious. Here, we apply Bayesian models to the fossil record to estimate how mammalian extinction rates have changed over the past 126,000 years, inferring...

Université de Fribourg

Pathogenicity genomic island-associated CrpP-like fluoroquinolone-modifying enzymes among Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates in Europe

Ortiz de la Rosa, José Manuel ; Nordmann, Patrice ; Poirel, Laurent

In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2020, vol. 64, no. 7, p. -

Many transferable quinolone resistance mechanisms have been identified in Gram- negative bacteria. The plasmid-encoded 65-amino-acid-long ciprofloxacin-modifying enzyme CrpP was recently identified in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. We analyzed a collection of 100 clonally unrelated and multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolates, among which 46 were positive for crpP-like genes,...

Université de Fribourg

Scientists’ warning on invasive alien species

Pyšek, Petr ; Hulme, Philip E. ; Simberloff, Dan ; Bacher, Sven ; Blackburn, Tim M. ; Carlton, James T. ; Dawson, Wayne ; Essl, Franz ; Foxcroft, Llewellyn C. ; Genovesi, Piero ; Jeschke, Jonathan M. ; Kühn, Ingolf ; Liebhold, Andrew M. ; Mandrak, Nicholas E. ; Meyerson, Laura A. ; Pauchard, Aníbal ; Pergl, Jan ; Roy, Helen E. ; Seebens, Hanno ; Kleunen, Mark ; Vilà, Montserrat ; Wingfield, Michael J. ; Richardson, David M.

In: Biological Reviews, 2020, p. brv.12627

Biological invasions are a global consequence of an increasingly connected world and the rise in human population size. The numbers of invasive alien species – the subset of alien species that spread widely in areas where they are not native, affecting the environment or human livelihoods – are increasing. Synergies with other global changes are exacerbating current invasions and...

Université de Fribourg

Multiscale community estimation based on temporary local balancing strategy

Zhou, Qiang ; Cai, Shi-Min ; Zhang, Yi-Cheng

In: International Journal of Modern Physics C, 2020, vol. 31, no. 04, p. 2050056

Community division in complex networks has become one of the hot topics in the field of network science. Most of the methods developed based on network topology ignore the dynamic characteristics underlying the structure. By exploring the diffusion process in the network based on random walk, this paper sums up the general rule with temporal characteristics as a temporary local balancing...

Université de Fribourg

Detailed detection of active layer freeze-thaw dynamics using quasi-continuous electrical resistivity tomography (Deception Island, Antarctica)

Farzamian, Mohammad ; Vieira, Gonçalo ; Santos, Fernando A. Monteiro ; Tabar, Borhan Yaghoobi ; Hauck, Christian ; Paz, Maria Catarina ; Bernardo, Ivo ; Ramos, Miguel ; Pablo, Miguel Angel de

In: The Cryosphere, 2020, vol. 14, no. 3, p. 1105–1120

Climate-induced warming of permafrost soils is a global phenomenon, with regional and site-specific variations which are not fully understood. In this context, a 2-D automated electrical resistivity tomography (A-ERT) system was installed for the first time in Antarctica at Deception Island, associated to the existing Crater Lake site of the Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring – South ...