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Université de Fribourg

Location Prediction over Sparse User Mobility Traces Using RNNs : Flashback in Hidden States!

Yang, Dingqi ; Fankhauser, Benjamin ; Rosso, Paolo ; Cudré-Mauroux, Philippe

In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2020, p. 2184-2190

Location prediction is a key problem in human mobility modeling, which predicts a user's next location based on historical user mobility traces. As a sequential prediction problem by nature, it has been recently studied using Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs). Due to the sparsity of user mobility traces, existing techniques strive to improve RNNs by considering spatiotemporal contexts. The...

Université de Fribourg

The past and future human impact on mammalian diversity

Andermann, Tobias ; Faurby, Søren ; Turvey, Samuel T. ; Antonelli, Alexandre ; Silvestro, Daniele

In: Science Advances, 2020, vol. 6, no. 36, p. eabb2313

To understand the current biodiversity crisis, it is crucial to determine how humans have affected biodiversity in the past. However, the extent of human involvement in species extinctions from the Late Pleistocene onward remains contentious. Here, we apply Bayesian models to the fossil record to estimate how mammalian extinction rates have changed over the past 126,000 years, inferring...

Université de Fribourg

A monitoring system for spatiotemporal electrical self-potential measurements in cryospheric environments

Weigand, Maximilian ; Wagner, Florian M. ; Limbrock, Jonas K. ; Hilbich, Christin ; Hauck, Christian ; Kemna, Andreas

In: Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems, 2020, vol. 9, no. 2020-2, p. 317–336

Climate-induced warming increasingly leads to degradation of high-alpine permafrost. In order to develop early warning systems for imminent slope destabilization, knowledge about hydrological flow processes in the subsurface is urgently needed. Due to the fast dynamics associated with slope failures, non- or minimally invasive methods are required for inexpensive and timely characterization...

Université de Fribourg

Spatiotemporal maps of proprioceptive inputs to the cervical spinal cord during three-dimensional reaching and grasping

Kibleur, Pierre ; Tata, Shravan R. ; Greiner, Nathan ; Conti, Sara ; Barra, Beatrice ; Zhuang, Katie ; Kaeser, Melanie ; Ijspeert , Auke ; Capogrosso, Marco

In: IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 2020, vol. 28, no. 7, p. 1668–1677

Proprioceptive feedback is a critical component of voluntary movement planning and execution. Neuroprosthetic technologies aiming at restoring movement must interact with it to restore accurate motor control. Optimization and design of such technologies depends on the availability of quantitative insights into the neural dynamics of proprioceptive afferents during functional movements....

Université de Fribourg

Acute alcohol intoxication and expectations reshape the spatiotemporal functional architecture of executive control

Ribordy Lambert, Farfalla ; Wicht, Corentin A. ; Mouthon, Michael ; Spierer, Lucas

In: NeuroImage, 2020, vol. 215, p. 116811

While the deleterious effects of acute ethyl alcohol intoxication on executive control are well-established, the underlying spatiotemporal brain mechanisms remain largely unresolved. In addition, since the effects of alcohol are noticeable to participants, isolating the effects of the substance from those related to expectations represents a major challenge. We addressed these issues using a...

Université de Fribourg

Pleistocene sea-floor fibrous crusts and spherulites in the Danakil Depression (Afar, Ethiopia)

Jaramillo‐Vogel, David ; Foubert, Anneleen ; Braga, Juan Carlos ; Schaegis, Jean‐Charles ; Atnafu, Balemwal ; Grobéty, Bernard ; Kidane, Tesfaye

In: Sedimentology, 2019, vol. 66, no. 2, p. 480–512

Pleistocene fibrous aragonite fabrics, including crusts and spherules, occur in the Danakil Depression (Afar, Ethiopia) following the deposition of two distinctive Middle and Late Pleistocene coralgal reef units and pre‐dating the precipitation of evaporites. Crusts on top of the oldest reef unit (Marine Isotope Stage 7) cover and fill cavities within a red algal framework. The younger...

Université de Fribourg

Expression pattern of delta-like 1 homolog in developing sympathetic neurons and chromaffin cells

El Faitwri, Tehani ; Huber, Katrin

In: Gene Expression Patterns, 2018, vol. 30, p. 49–54

Delta-like 1 homolog (DLK1) is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like family and an atypical notch ligand that is widely expressed during early mammalian development with putative functions in the regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation. During later stages of development, DLK1 is downregulated and becomes increasingly restricted to specific cell types, including...

Université de Fribourg

Spatiotemporal brain dynamics underlying attentional bias modifications

Sallard, Etienne ; Hartmann, Lea ; Ptak, Radek ; Spierer, Lucas

In: International Journal of Psychophysiology, 2018, vol. 130, p. 29–39

Exaggerated attentional biases toward specific elements of the environment contribute to the maintenance of several psychiatric conditions, such as biases to threatening faces in social anxiety. Although recent literature indicates that attentional bias modification may constitute an effective approach for psychiatric remediation, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms remain unclear....