In: Journal of Biological Rhythms, 2006, vol. 21(3), p. 169-176
In mammals, circadian rhythms in behavior and physiology are controlled by a central pacemaker, the SCN, and subordinated clocks throughout the body. On the molecular level, these clocks are based on transcriptional/translational feedback loops involving a set of clock genes that regulate their own transcription. Among the components driving the mammalian circadian clock are the Period 1...
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In: Obesity Reviews, 2017, vol. 18, no. S1, p. 25–33
In the last decades, obesity has been on the rise becoming a burden for health care systems. The reasons behind this rise are most likely caused by lifestyle rather than by an increase in gene mutations, because manifestations of genetic alterations would take longer than just a few decades. Lifestyle has a great impact on the circadian system and therefore on the body internal organization...
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In: Annals of Medicine, 2010, p. -
The circadian clock organizes biochemical and physiological processes of an organism in a temporal fashion. This temporal organization is crucial to avoid interference of processes that have adverse effects on each other. Thus, disruption of temporal organization can lead to health problems and behavioral disorders related to mood alterations. To alleviate the consequences of a disrupted...
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In: Frontiers in Neurology, 2017, vol. 8, p. -
The circadian system coordinates activities and functions in cells and tissues in order to optimize body functions in anticipation to daily changes in the environment. Disruption of the circadian system, due to irregular lifestyle such as rotating shift work, frequent travel across time-zones, or chronic stress, is correlated with several diseases such as obesity, cancer, and neurological...
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In: Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, 2012, vol. 463, no. 1, p. 23-30
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In: Nature Chemical Biology, 2007, vol. 3, p. 139 - 140
The circadian clock runs with a period of about 24 h and therefore allows mammals to predict sunrise at the cellular level. Phosphorylation of the clock protein period 2 influences this process by varying the clock’s period length.
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In: Journal of Physiology-Paris, 2006, vol. 100, no. 5-6, p. 243-251
In mammals, the master circadian clock that drives many biochemical, physiological and behavioral rhythms is located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus. Generation and maintenance of circadian rhythms rely on complex interlaced feedback loops based on transcriptional and posttranscriptional events involving clock genes and kinases. This clock serves the purpose to organize an...
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In: Trends in Neurosciences, 2018, vol. 41, no. 10, p. 677–688
The rotation of the Earth around its axis causes periodic exposure of half of its surface to sunlight. This daily recurring event has been internalized in most organisms in the form of cellular circadian clock mechanisms. These cellular clocks are synchronized with each other in various ways to establish circadian networks that build the circadian program in tissues and organs, coordinating...
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In: Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 2011, vol. 4, no. 41, p. -
During our daily activities, we experience variations in our cognitive performance, which is often accompanied by cravings for small rewards, such as consuming coffee or chocolate. This indicates that the time of day, cognitive performance, and reward may be related to one another. This review will summarize data that describe the influence of the circadian clock on addiction and mood-related...
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In: Neuron, 2012, vol. 74, no. 2, p. 246–260
The mammalian circadian system, which is comprised of multiple cellular clocks located in the organs and tissues, orchestrates their regulation in a hierarchical manner throughout the 24 hr of the day. At the top of the hierarchy are the suprachiasmatic nuclei, which synchronize subordinate organ and tissue clocks using electrical, endocrine, and metabolic signaling pathways that impact the...
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