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Università della Svizzera italiana

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease : metabolic, genetic, epigenetic and environmental risk factors

Juanola, Oriol ; Martínez-López, Sebastián ; Francés, Rubén ; Gómez-Hurtado, Isabel

In: International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021, vol. 18, no. 10, p. 24

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most frequent causes of chronic liver disease in the Western world, probably due to the growing prevalence of obesity, metabolic diseases, and exposure to some environmental agents. In certain patients, simple hepatic steatosis can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can sometimes lead to liver cirrhosis and its...

Università della Svizzera italiana

Dexamethasone induces changes in osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells via SOX9 and PPARG, but not RUNX2

Della Bella, Elena ; Buetti-Dinh, Antoine ; Licandro, Ginevra ; Ahmad, Paras ; Basoli, Valentina ; Alini, Mauro ; Stoddart, Martin J.

In: International journal of molecular sciences, 2021, vol. 22, no. 9, p. 16

Despite the huge body of research on osteogenic differentiation and bone tissue engineering, the translation potential of in vitro results still does not match the effort employed. One reason might be that the protocols used for in vitro research have inherent pitfalls. The synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone is commonly used in protocols for trilineage differentiation of human bone marrow...

Università della Svizzera italiana

Willingness to vaccinate against Covid-19 : a qualitative study involving older adults from Southern Switzerland

Fadda, Marta ; Suggs, L. Suzanne ; Albanese, Emiliano

In: Vaccine: X, 2021, vol. 8, p. 7

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic is causing unprecedented disruption and suffering to people across the globe, with a disproportionate toll on the elderly. The development and equitable distribution of a vaccine seems to be the most promising and sustainable route ahead. The goal of this study was to explore older adults’ attitudes towards and beliefs regarding the Covid-19 vaccination in...

Università della Svizzera italiana

Targeting glycolysis in macrophages confers protection against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Penny, Hweixian Leong ; Sieow, Je Lin ; Gun, Sin Yee ; Lau, Mai Chan ; Lee, Bernett ; Tan, Jasmine ; Phua, Cindy ; Toh, Florida ; Nga, Yvonne ; Yeap, Wei Hseun ; Janela, Baptiste ; Kumar, Dilip ; Chen, Hao ; Yeong, Joe ; Kenkel, Justin A. ; Pang, Angela ; Lim, Diana ; Toh, Han Chong ; Hon, Tony Lim Kiat ; Johnson, Christopher I. ; Khameneh, Hanif Javanmard ; Mortellaro, Alessandra ; Engleman, Edgar G. ; Rotzschke, Olaf ; Ginhoux, Florent ; Abastado, Jean-Pierre ; Chen, Jinmiao ; Wong, Siew Cheng

In: International journal of molecular sciences, 2021, vol. 22, no. 12, p. 24

Inflammation in the tumor microenvironment has been shown to promote disease progression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC); however, the role of macrophage metabolism in promoting inflammation is unclear. Using an orthotopic mouse model of PDAC, we demonstrate that macrophages from tumor-bearing mice exhibit elevated glycolysis. Macrophage- specific deletion of Glucose Transporter 1...

Università della Svizzera italiana

Block-enhanced precision matrix estimation for large-scale datasets

Eftekhari, Aryan ; Pasadakis, Dimosthenis ; Bollhöfer, Matthias ; Scheidegger, Simon ; Schenk, Olaf

In: Journal of computational science, 2021, vol. 53, p. 13

The ℓ1-regularized Gaussian maximum likelihood method is a common approach for sparse precision matrix estimation, but one that poses a computational challenge for high-dimensional datasets. We present a novel ℓ1- regularized maximum likelihood method for performant large-scale sparse precision matrix estimation utilizing the block structures in the underlying computations. We identify the...

Università della Svizzera italiana

Reporting of acute inflammatory neuropathies with COVID-19 vaccines : subgroup disproportionality analyses in VigiBase

Noseda, Roberta ; Ripellino, Paolo ; Ghidossi, Sara ; Bertoli, Raffaela ; Ceschi, Alessandro

In: Vaccines, 2021, vol. 9, no. 9, p. 7

Since marketing authorization, cases of neuralgic amyotrophy (NA), facial paralysis/Bell’s palsy (FP/BP), and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) were reported with COVID-19 vaccines of different technologies. This study aimed to assess whether NA, FP/BP, and GBS were more frequently reported in VigiBase with COVID-19 vaccines (of any technologies) than with other viral vaccines, over the full...

Università della Svizzera italiana

Contribution of sleep disturbances to fatigue in multiple sclerosis : a prospective study using clinical and polysomnographic parameters

Riccitelli, Gianna C. ; Disanto, Giulio ; Sacco, Rosaria ; Sparasci, Davide ; Sacco, Leonardo ; Castelnovo, Anna ; Miano, Silvia ; Manconi, Mauro ; Gobbi, Claudio ; Zecca, Chiara

In: European journal of neurology, 2021, vol. 28, no. 9, p. 9

Background and purpose: Fatigue is amongst the most frequent and disabling symptoms of multiple sclerosis and a close relation between fatigue and sleep quality has been hypothesized. In this study the contribution of sleep disturbances measured by clinical and polysomnographic parameters to fatigue in multiple sclerosis was investigated. Methods: This was a prospective instrumental study...

Università della Svizzera italiana

GEASI : Geodesic-based earliest activation sites identification in cardiac models

Grandits, Thomas ; Effland, Alexander ; Pock, Thomas ; Krause, Rolf ; Plank, Gernot ; Pezzuto, Simone

In: International journal for numerical methods in biomedical engineering, 2021, vol. 37, no. 8, p. 30

The identification of the initial ventricular activation sequence is a critical step for the correct personalization of patient- specific cardiac models. In healthy conditions, the Purkinje network is the main source of the electrical activation, but under pathological conditions the so-called earliest activation sites (EASs) are possibly sparser and more localized. Yet, their number, location...

Università della Svizzera italiana

New shape control tools for rational Bézier curve design

Ramanantoanina, Andriamahenina ; Hormann, Kai

In: Computer aided geometric design, 2021, vol. 88, p. 11

Bézier curves are indispensable for geometric modelling and computer graphics. They have numerous favourable properties and provide the user with intuitive tools for editing the shape of a parametric polynomial curve. Even more control and flexibility can be achieved by associating a shape parameter with each control point and considering rational Bézier curves, which comes with the...